אָ֣ז יְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהֹושֻׁעַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה בְּיֹ֗ום תֵּ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י לִפְנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְעֵינֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ בְּגִבְעֹ֣ון דֹּ֔ום וְיָרֵ֖חַ בְּעֵ֥מֶק אַיָּלֹֽון׃
Then Yehoshua spoke to YHWH on the day when YHWH delivered the Emori before the sons of Yisraʾel, and he said in the sight of Yisraʾel: Sun, stand still upon Givʿon, and moon, in the valley of Ayalon.
Morphology
- אָ֣ז (az) – Root: אז (az); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Then”.
- יְדַבֵּ֤ר (yedabber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he spoke”. Notes: Intensive form indicating formal or significant speech.
- יְהֹושֻׁעַ֙ (Yehoshuaʿ) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoshua”.
- לַֽיהוָ֔ה (la-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to YHWH”.
- בְּיֹ֗ום (beyom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition with noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the day”.
- תֵּ֤ת (tet) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “when He gave/delivered”.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”.
- אֶת־הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י (et-ha-ʾEmori) – Root: אמר (ʾemor); Form: Definite direct object marker with noun masculine singular; Translation: “the Amorites”.
- לִפְנֵ֖י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition with construct; Translation: “before”.
- בְּנֵ֣י (bnei) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the sons of”.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”.
- לְעֵינֵ֣י (leʿeine) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Preposition with noun feminine dual construct; Translation: “in the sight of”.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”.
- שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ (shemesh) – Root: שמש (shemesh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Sun”.
- בְּגִבְעֹ֣ון (be-Givʿon) – Root: גבע (givʿa); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “upon Givʿon”.
- דֹּ֔ום (dom) – Root: דמם (damam); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “stand still”.
- וְיָרֵ֖חַ (ve-yare’aḥ) – Root: ירח (yare’aḥ); Form: Noun masculine singular with conjunction; Translation: “and Moon”.
- בְּעֵ֥מֶק (be-ʿemeq) – Root: עמק (ʿemeq); Form: Preposition with noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the valley of”.
- אַיָּלֹֽון (Ayalon) – Root: איל (ayal); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ayalon”.