Joshua 18:15

וּפְאַת־נֶ֕גְבָּה מִקְצֵ֖ה קִרְיַ֣ת יְעָרִ֑ים וְיָצָ֤א הַגְּבוּל֙ יָ֔מָּה וְיָצָ֕א אֶל־מַעְיַ֖ן מֵ֥י נֶפְתֹּֽוחַ׃

And the southern boundary was from the edge of Qiryat-Yeʿarim, and the border went out westward and went out to the spring of the waters of Neftoaḥ.

Morphology

1. וּפְאַת־נֶ֕גְבָּה (u-feʾat-negbah) – Root: פה (pʾh); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with directional suffix; Translation: “And the southern boundary”; Notes: Indicates a directional marker.
2. מִקְצֵ֖ה (miqtse) – Root: קצה (qṣh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “from the edge of”; Notes: Specifies the starting point.
3. קִרְיַ֣ת יְעָרִ֑ים (Qiryat-Yeʿarim) – Root: קרית יערים (qryt yʿrym); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Qiryat-Yeʿarim”; Notes: Name of the city.
4. וְיָצָ֤א (ve-yatsa) – Root: יצא (yṣʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it went out”; Notes: Indicates movement of the boundary.
5. הַגְּבוּל֙ (ha-gevul) – Root: גבול (gbwl); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the border”; Notes: Refers to the boundary line.
6. יָ֔מָּה (yamah) – Root: ים (ym); Form: Adverb; Translation: “westward”; Notes: Directional term.
7. וְיָצָ֕א (ve-yatsa) – Root: יצא (yṣʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it went out”; Notes: Repetition emphasizing the extension of the boundary.
8. אֶל־מַעְיַ֖ן (el-maʿyan) – Root: מעין (mʿyn); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “to the spring of”; Notes: Specifies the destination.
9. מֵ֥י נֶפְתֹּֽוחַ (mei-Nefteoḥ) – Root: נפתוח (nftwḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the waters of Nefteoḥ”; Notes: Identifies a landmark.