קֻ֚ם קַדֵּ֣שׁ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ הִתְקַדְּשׁ֣וּ לְמָחָ֑ר כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל חֵ֤רֶם בְּקִרְבְּךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָקוּם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔יךָ עַד־הֲסִירְכֶ֥ם הַחֵ֖רֶם מִֽקִּרְבְּכֶֽם׃
Arise, consecrate the people, and say: ‘Consecrate yourselves for tomorrow, for thus says YHWH, the God of Yisraʾel: “There is a devoted thing in your midst, Yisraʾel. You will not be able to stand before your enemies until you remove the devoted thing from among you.”
Morphology
- קֻ֚ם (qum) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Arise”; Notes: Command directed at Yehoshua.
- קַדֵּ֣שׁ (qaddesh) – Root: קדש (qadash); Form: Piel imperative masculine singular; Translation: “consecrate”; Notes: Intensive command to sanctify.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “[the]”; Notes: Marks the direct object.
- הָעָ֔ם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ (ve-amarta) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “(and) say”; Notes: Command following the initial action.
- הִתְקַדְּשׁ֣וּ (hitqaddeshu) – Root: קדש (qadash); Form: Hitpael imperative masculine plural; Translation: “consecrate yourselves”; Notes: Reflexive action directed at the people.
- לְמָחָ֑ר (le-maḥar) – Root: מחר (maḥar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with לְ; Translation: “for tomorrow”; Notes: Indicates the time for the commanded action.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces a reason.
- כֹה֩ (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- אָמַ֨ר (amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “says”; Notes: Direct speech from YHWH.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, God’s personal name.
- אֱלֹהֵ֣י (ʾelohei) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Construct form showing possession.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
- חֵ֤רֶם (ḥerem) – Root: חרם (ḥerem); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “devoted thing”; Notes: Refers to something set apart for destruction.
- בְּקִרְבְּךָ֙ (be-qirbekha) – Root: קרב (qerev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in your midst”; Notes: Refers to the presence among the people.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers again to the nation.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes prohibition or negation.
- תוּכַ֗ל (tukhal) – Root: יכול (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you will be able”; Notes: Expresses potential.
- לָקוּם֙ (laqum) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal infinitive construct with לְ; Translation: “to stand”; Notes: Indicates purpose.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Refers to presence or confrontation.
- אֹיְבֶ֔יךָ (ʾoyvekha) – Root: איב (ʾayav); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your enemies”; Notes: Refers to adversaries of Israel.
- עַד־ (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Indicates the time limit.
- הֲסִירְכֶ֥ם (hasirkhem) – Root: סור (sur); Form: Hifil infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you remove”; Notes: Causative verb indicating action.
- הַחֵ֖רֶם (ha-ḥerem) – Root: חרם (ḥerem); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the devoted thing”; Notes: Refers to the prohibited item.
- מִֽקִּרְבְּכֶֽם׃ (miqqirbekhem) – Root: קרב (qerev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from among you”; Notes: Indicates the removal from the community.