Joshua 7:8

בִּ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י מָ֣ה אֹמַ֔ר אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִפְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽיו׃

Alas, my Lord, what shall I say after Yisraʾel has turned its back before its enemies?

Morphology

1. בִּ֖י (bi) – Root: ב (b); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “Alas for me”; Notes: Expresses distress or plea.
2. אֲדֹנָ֑י (ʾadonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular possessive suffix; Translation: “my Lord”; Notes: Refers to God as Master or Lord.
3. מָ֣ה (mah) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “what”; Notes: Introduces a question.
4. אֹמַ֔ר (ʾomar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “shall I say”; Notes: Expresses uncertainty or inquiry.
5. אַ֠חֲרֵי (ʾaḥarei) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates time sequence.
6. אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that/after”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
7. הָפַ֧ךְ (hafakh) – Root: הפך (hafakh); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has turned”; Notes: Describes a completed action.
8. יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
9. עֹ֖רֶף (ʿoref) – Root: ערף (ʿoref); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “back of the neck/back”; Notes: Symbolic of retreat or submission.
10. לִפְנֵ֥י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates position relative to the enemies.
11. אֹיְבָֽיו׃ (ʾoyvav) – Root: איב (ʾayav); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “its enemies”; Notes: Refers to the adversaries of Yisraʾel.