וַיַּ֨עַשׂ לָהֶ֤ם יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ֙ שָׁלֹ֔ום וַיִּכְרֹ֥ת לָהֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית לְחַיֹּותָ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבְע֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם נְשִׂיאֵ֖י הָעֵדָֽה׃
And Yehoshua made peace with them and made a covenant with them to let them live, and the chiefs of the congregation swore to them.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֨עַשׂ (vayyaʿas) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he made”; Notes: Sequential action performed by Yehoshua.
- לָהֶ֤ם (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for them”; Notes: Refers to the Gibeonites.
- יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ֙ (Yehoshua) – Root: ישׁע (yashaʿ); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: Name of the Israelite leader.
- שָׁלֹ֔ום (shalom) – Root: שלום (shalom); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “peace”; Notes: Denotes a state of harmony or agreement.
- וַיִּכְרֹ֥ת (vayyikrot) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he made [a covenant]”; Notes: Refers to establishing a formal agreement.
- לָהֶ֛ם (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with them”; Notes: Directs the action of making a covenant.
- בְּרִ֖ית (berit) – Root: ברית (berit); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “covenant”; Notes: A solemn agreement or treaty.
- לְחַיֹּותָ֑ם (le-ḥayyotam) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Piel infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to let them live”; Notes: Purpose clause indicating the covenant’s terms.
- וַיִּשָּׁבְע֣וּ (vayyishshavu) – Root: שבע (shavaʿ); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they swore”; Notes: Reflects a solemn oath or pledge.
- לָהֶ֔ם (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: The oath was made for the benefit of the Gibeonites.
- נְשִׂיאֵ֖י (nesiʾei) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “chiefs of”; Notes: Leaders or heads within Israelite society.
- הָעֵדָֽה׃ (ha-ʿedah) – Root: עדה (ʿedah); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the congregation”; Notes: Refers to the assembly or community of Israel.