וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁכַּ֤ב אֶת־זָכָר֙ מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אִשָּׁ֔ה תֹּועֵבָ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם מֹ֥ות יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃
And a man who lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination; they shall surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.
Morphology
- וְאִ֗ישׁ (ve-ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “And a man”; Notes: Refers to an unspecified male individual.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: None; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
- יִשְׁכַּ֤ב (yishkav) – Root: שכב (sh-k-b); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Lies with”; Notes: Indicates the act of sexual relations.
- אֶת־זָכָר֙ (et-zakhar) – Root: זכר (z-k-r); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “With a male”; Notes: Specifies the object of the action.
- מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י (mishkevei) – Root: שכב (sh-k-b); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “As with lying”; Notes: Describes the manner of the act.
- אִשָּׁ֔ה (ishah) – Root: אשה (ʾ-sh-h); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “With a woman”; Notes: Provides a comparison to normative relations.
- תֹּועֵבָ֥ה (to’evah) – Root: תעב (t-ʿ-b); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “An abomination”; Notes: Indicates something detestable or morally repugnant.
- עָשׂ֖וּ (asu) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “They have committed”; Notes: Describes the act as completed.
- שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם (shenehem) – Root: שנים (sh-n-y-m); Form: Noun masculine dual + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Both of them”; Notes: Refers to the participants in the act.
- מֹ֥ות יוּמָ֖תוּ (mot-yumatu) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “They shall surely be put to death”; Notes: Emphasizes the certainty and severity of the punishment.
- דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם (dmeihem) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their blood”; Notes: Refers to their guilt or responsibility.
- בָּֽם (bam) – Root: ב (b); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Is upon them”; Notes: Declares accountability for their actions.