וְאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִשְׁכַּב אֶת־אִשָּׁה דָּוָה וְגִלָּה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָהּ אֶת־מְקֹרָהּ הֶעֱרָה וְהִיא גִּלְּתָה אֶת־מְקֹר דָּמֶיהָ וְנִכְרְתוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם מִקֶּרֶב עַמָּם׃
And a man who lies with a woman in her impurity and uncovers her nakedness, he has exposed her source, and she has uncovered the source of her blood; both of them shall be cut off from among their people.
Morphology
- וְאִישׁ (ve-ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “And a man”; Notes: Refers to any male individual.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- יִשְׁכַּב (yishkav) – Root: שכב (sh-k-v); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Lies”; Notes: Refers to engaging in sexual relations.
- אֶת (et) – Root: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “With”; Notes: Indicates the object of the action.
- אִשָּׁה (ishah) – Root: אשה (ʾ-sh-h); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “A woman”; Notes: Refers to a female individual.
- דָּוָה (davah) – Root: דוה (d-w-h); Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “In impurity”; Notes: Indicates the woman’s menstrual state.
- וְגִלָּה (ve-gillah) – Root: גלה (g-l-h); Form: Conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he has uncovered”; Notes: Describes exposing or revealing.
- אֶת (et) – Root: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “The”; Notes: Points to the following noun.
- עֶרְוָתָהּ (ervatah) – Root: ערוה (ʿ-r-w-h); Form: Noun feminine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Her nakedness”; Notes: Refers to private parts or sexual exposure.
- אֶת (et) – Root: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “The”; Notes: Points to the following noun.
- מְקֹרָהּ (mekorah) – Root: מקר (m-q-r); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Her source”; Notes: Refers to the source of her menstrual blood.
- הֶעֱרָה (heʿerah) – Root: ערה (ʿ-r-h); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He has exposed”; Notes: Indicates the act of making visible or known.
- וְהִיא (ve-hi) – Root: היא (h-y-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “And she”; Notes: Refers back to the woman.
- גִּלְּתָה (gilltah) – Root: גלה (g-l-h); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “She has uncovered”; Notes: Reciprocal act of exposure.
- אֶת (et) – Root: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “The”; Notes: Points to the following noun.
- מְקֹר (mekor) – Root: מקר (m-q-r); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Source”; Notes: Describes the source of her menstrual flow.
- דָּמֶיהָ (dameha) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Her blood”; Notes: Refers to menstrual blood.
- וְנִכְרְתוּ (ve-nikretu) – Root: כרת (k-r-t); Form: Conjunction + Nifal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “And they shall be cut off”; Notes: Indicates expulsion or removal.
- שְׁנֵיהֶם (sheneihem) – Root: שנים (sh-n-y-m); Form: Noun masculine dual + 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “Both of them”; Notes: Refers to the man and woman.
- מִקֶּרֶב (mi-kerev) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “From among”; Notes: Indicates separation from the community.
- עַמָּם (ammam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “Their people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite community.