Leviticus 21:10

וְהַכֹּהֵן֩ הַגָּדֹ֨ול מֵאֶחָ֜יו אֲֽשֶׁר־יוּצַ֥ק עַל־רֹאשֹׁ֣ו שֶׁ֤מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה֙ וּמִלֵּ֣א אֶת־יָדֹ֔ו לִלְבֹּ֖שׁ אֶת־הַבְּגָדִ֑ים אֶת־רֹאשֹׁו֙ לֹ֣א יִפְרָ֔ע וּבְגָדָ֖יו לֹ֥א יִפְרֹֽם׃

And the High Priest among his brothers, on whose head the anointing oil is poured and who is consecrated to wear the garments, shall not let his hair grow unkempt nor tear his clothes.

Morphology

1. וְהַכֹּהֵן֩ (veha-kohen) – Root: כהן (k-h-n); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “And the priest”; Notes: Refers specifically to the High Priest.
2. הַגָּדֹ֨ול (ha-gadol) – Root: גדל (g-d-l); Form: Adjective masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The great”; Notes: Describes the High Priest as supreme among his brothers.
3. מֵאֶחָ֜יו (me-eḥav) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “From among his brothers”; Notes: Indicates the High Priest’s selection from his community.
4. אֲֽשֶׁר־יוּצַ֥ק (asher-yutsaq) – Root: יצק (y-ts-q); Form: Relative pronoun + verb Qal passive 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Who is poured”; Notes: Refers to the anointing oil poured on his head.
5. עַל־רֹאשֹׁ֣ו (ʿal-rosho) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “On his head”; Notes: Describes the anointing process.
6. שֶׁ֤מֶן (shemen) – Root: שמן (sh-m-n); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Oil”; Notes: Refers to the anointing oil.
7. הַמִּשְׁחָה֙ (ha-mishḥah) – Root: משח (m-sh-ḥ); Form: Noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Of anointing”; Notes: Specifies the sacred oil.
8. וּמִלֵּ֣א (u-mille) – Root: מלא (m-l-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + verb Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And who is consecrated”; Notes: Refers to the process of ordination.
9. אֶת־יָדֹ֔ו (et-yado) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His hand”; Notes: Indicates empowerment for service.
10. לִלְבֹּ֖שׁ (lilbosh) – Root: לבש (l-b-sh); Form: Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “To wear”; Notes: Refers to the priestly garments.
11. אֶת־הַבְּגָדִ֑ים (et-ha-begadim) – Root: בגד (b-g-d); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “The garments”; Notes: Refers to the sacred priestly attire.
12. אֶת־רֹאשֹׁ֙ו (et-rosho) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His head”; Notes: Indicates specific prohibitions for the High Priest.
13. לֹ֣א יִפְרָ֔ע (lo-yifra) – Root: פרע (p-r-ʿ); Form: Negative particle + verb Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall not let grow unkempt”; Notes: Prohibits disheveled hair.
14. וּבְגָדָ֖יו (u-vegadav) – Root: בגד (b-g-d); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And his garments”; Notes: Refers to his priestly clothing.
15. לֹ֥א יִפְרֹֽם (lo-yifrom) – Root: פרם (p-r-m); Form: Negative particle + verb Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall not tear”; Notes: Forbids the symbolic act of mourning by tearing garments.