וַיַּקְהִ֜לוּ מֹשֶׁ֧ה וְאַהֲרֹ֛ן אֶת־הַקָּהָ֖ל אֶל־פְּנֵ֣י הַסָּ֑לַע וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֗ם שִׁמְעוּ־נָא֙ הַמֹּרִ֔ים הֲמִן־הַסֶּ֣לַע הַזֶּ֔ה נֹוצִ֥יא לָכֶ֖ם מָֽיִם׃
And Moshe and Aharon assembled the congregation before the rock, and he said to them, “Hear now, you rebels: shall we bring water for you out of this rock?”
Morphology
- וַיַּקְהִ֜לוּ (vayyaqhelu) – Root: קהל (qahal); Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And they assembled”; Notes: Refers to the gathering of the congregation by Moshe and Aharon.
- מֹשֶׁ֧ה (Moshe) – Root: משה (Moshe); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: The leader of Yisra’el.
- וְאַהֲרֹ֛ן (veAharon) – Root: אהרן (Aharon); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and Aharon”; Notes: Moshe’s brother and High Priest.
- אֶת־הַקָּהָ֖ל (et-haqahal) – Root: קהל (qahal); Form: Direct object marker with noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the congregation”; Notes: Refers to the assembled Israelites.
- אֶל־פְּנֵ֣י (el-penei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates the location of the assembly.
- הַסָּ֑לַע (hassela) – Root: סלע (sela); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the rock”; Notes: Refers to the rock from which water was to be drawn.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayyo’mer) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Refers to Moshe addressing the congregation.
- לָהֶ֗ם (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the assembled Israelites.
- שִׁמְעוּ־נָא֙ (shimʿu-na) – Root: שמע (shama); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural with particle; Translation: “Hear now”; Notes: A call for attention and urgency.
- הַמֹּרִ֔ים (hammorim) – Root: מרה (marah); Form: Hiphil participle masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “you rebels”; Notes: Refers to the disobedient congregation.
- הֲמִן־הַסֶּ֣לַע (hamin-hassela) – Root: סלע (sela); Form: Interrogative particle with noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Shall from this rock”; Notes: Expresses a rhetorical question.
- הַזֶּ֔ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the rock in question.
- נֹוצִ֥יא (notzi) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Hiphil imperfect 1st person plural; Translation: “shall we bring out”; Notes: Refers to the act of producing water from the rock.
- לָכֶ֖ם (lachem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Refers to the congregation.
- מָֽיִם׃ (mayim) – Root: מים (mayim); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “water”; Notes: The essential resource to be provided.