וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהוָ֣ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה בְמִדְבַּר־֠סִינַי בַּשָּׁנָ֨ה הַשֵּׁנִ֜ית לְצֵאתָ֨ם מֵאֶ֧רֶץ מִצְרַ֛יִם בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הָרִאשֹׁ֖ון לֵאמֹֽר׃
And YHWH spoke to Moshe in the wilderness of Sinai, in the second year after their departure from the land of Mitsrayim, in the first month, saying,
Morphology
- וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר (va-yedabber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive; Translation: “And He spoke”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s direct communication with Moshe.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, representing the name of God.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Preposition; Translation: “To”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the speech.
- מֹשֶׁ֣ה (Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses, the leader of Yisra’el.
- בְמִדְבַּר־֠סִינַי (be-midbar-Sinai) – Root: מדבר (m-d-b-r); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition and proper noun; Translation: “In the wilderness of Sinai”; Notes: Refers to the location where YHWH spoke to Moshe.
- בַּשָּׁנָ֨ה (ba-shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “In the year”; Notes: Specifies the time frame.
- הַשֵּׁנִ֜ית (ha-shenit) – Root: שני (sh-n-y); Form: Feminine singular ordinal adjective; Translation: “The second”; Notes: Refers to the second year after leaving Mitsrayim.
- לְצֵאתָ֨ם (le-tzetam) – Root: יצא (y-tz-ʾ); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and preposition; Translation: “After their departure”; Notes: Refers to the exodus from Mitsrayim.
- מֵאֶ֧רֶץ (me-eretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-tz); Form: Feminine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “From the land of”; Notes: Refers to the origin of the exodus.
- מִצְרַ֛יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (m-tz-r-y-m); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
- בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ (ba-ḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥ-d-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “In the month”; Notes: Refers to the specified time within the year.
- הָרִאשֹׁ֖ון (ha-rishon) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Masculine singular ordinal adjective; Translation: “The first”; Notes: Specifies the first month of the year (Nisan).
- לֵאמֹֽר׃ (le’emor) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “Saying”; Notes: Introduces the content of YHWH’s speech.