שְׁאֵרִ֨ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל לֹֽא־יַעֲשׂ֤וּ עַוְלָה֙ וְלֹא־יְדַבְּר֣וּ כָזָ֔ב וְלֹֽא־יִמָּצֵ֥א בְּפִיהֶ֖ם לְשֹׁ֣ון תַּרְמִ֑ית כִּֽי־הֵ֛מָּה יִרְע֥וּ וְרָבְצ֖וּ וְאֵ֥ין מַחֲרִֽיד׃ ס
The remnant of Yisraʾel shall not do unrighteousness, and shall not speak falsehood, and no tongue of deceit shall be found in their mouth, for they shall feed and lie down, and none shall make them afraid.”
Morphology
- שְׁאֵרִית (sheʾerit) – Root: שׁאר (shaʾar); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “remnant”; Notes: A surviving group preserved by YHWH.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: שרה (sarah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The covenant people of YHWH.
- לֹא־ (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “shall not”; Notes: Strong negation of future wrongdoing.
- יַעֲשׂוּ (yaʿasu) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 3mp; Translation: “they shall do”; Notes: Predictive imperfect describing the future righteousness of the remnant.
- עַוְלָה (avlah) – Root: עול (ʿaval); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “unrighteousness”; Notes: Moral corruption or injustice.
- וְלֹא־ (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Continuation of total negation.
- יְדַבְּרוּ (yedabberu) – Root: דבר (dabar); Form: Piel imperfect 3mp; Translation: “they shall speak”; Notes: Piel intensifies the action—no forceful or deceitful speech.
- כָזָב (kazav) – Root: כזב (kazav); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “falsehood”; Notes: Any form of lying or deceit.
- וְלֹא־ (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Further negation intensifying moral purity.
- יִמָּצֵא (yimmatse) – Root: מצא (matsaʾ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3ms; Translation: “shall be found”; Notes: Passive—no trace of deceit will appear.
- בְּפִיהֶם (be-pihem) – Root: פה (peh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3mp; Translation: “in their mouth”; Notes: Refers to speech, expression, and confession.
- לְשֹׁון (leshon) – Root: לשׁן (lashon); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “a tongue of”; Notes: Represents verbal expression.
- תַּרְמִית (tarmit) – Root: רמה (ramah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “deceit”; Notes: Treachery, fraud, or deception.
- כִּי־ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Gives the reason for their moral purity.
- הֵמָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Independent pronoun 3mp; Translation: “they”; Notes: Marks the remnant as the subject of the peaceful future.
- יִרְעוּ (yirʿu) – Root: רעה (raʿah); Form: Qal imperfect 3mp; Translation: “they shall feed”; Notes: Pastoral imagery of rest and safety.
- וְרָבְצוּ (ve-ravtsu) – Root: רבץ (ravats); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3mp; Translation: “and they shall lie down”; Notes: Perfect with future sense in prophetic context; peaceful rest.
- וְאֵין (ve-en) – Root: אין (ʾen); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative existential particle; Translation: “and none”; Notes: No threat will remain.
- מַחֲרִיד (maḥarid) – Root: חרד (ḥarad); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “one causing fear”; Notes: No one will terrify or disturb the remnant.