וַיְהִ֗י לְעֵת֙ זִקְנַ֣ת שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה נָשָׁיו֙ הִטּ֣וּ אֶת־לְבָבֹ֔ו אַחֲרֵ֖י אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה לְבָבֹ֤ו שָׁלֵם֙ עִם־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֔יו כִּלְבַ֖ב דָּוִ֥יד אָבִֽיו׃
And it came to pass at the time of Shelomo’s old age, his wives turned his heart after other gods, and his heart was not whole with YHWH his God, like the heart of Dawid his father.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֗י (va-yehi) – Root: היה (h.y.h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Narrative introduction.
- לְעֵת֙ (le-ʿet) – Root: עת (ʿ.t); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “at the time”; Notes: Introduces temporal clause.
- זִקְנַ֣ת (ziqnat) – Root: זקן (z.q.n); Form: Construct noun, feminine singular; Translation: “old age of”; Notes: In construct with the following noun.
- שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה (Shelomoh) – Root: שלם (sh.l.m); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shelomoh”; Notes: Indicates the subject of the time reference.
- נָשָׁיו֙ (nashav) – Root: אשה (ʾ.i.sh.h); Form: Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his wives”; Notes: Subject of the next verb.
- הִטּ֣וּ (hittu) – Root: נטה (n.t.h); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “turned”; Notes: Causative verb—”they caused to incline.”
- אֶת־לְבָבֹ֔ו (et-levavo) – Root: לבב (l.v.v); Form: Direct object marker + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his heart”; Notes: Object of the verb “turned.”
- אַחֲרֵ֖י (aḥarei) – Root: אחר (ʾ.ḥ.r); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates pursuit or allegiance.
- אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים (ʾelohim akherim) – Root: אלה (ʾ.l.h) + אחר (ʾ.ḥ.r); Form: Noun, masculine plural + adjective, masculine plural; Translation: “other gods”; Notes: Refers to idolatry.
- וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה (ve-lo-hayah) – Root: היה (h.y.h); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and was not”; Notes: Denotes negation of a state.
- לְבָבֹ֤ו (levavo) – Root: לבב (l.v.v); Form: Noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his heart”; Notes: Subject of the verb “was not whole.”
- שָׁלֵם֙ (shalem) – Root: שלם (sh.l.m); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “whole”; Notes: Indicates undivided loyalty or completeness.
- עִם־יְהוָה (ʿim-YHWH) – Root: עם (ʿ.m); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “with YHWH”; Notes: Indicates relational alignment.
- אֱלֹהָ֔יו (ʾelohav) – Root: אלה (ʾ.l.h); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his God”; Notes: Refers to Shelomoh’s covenantal God.
- כִּלְבַ֖ב (kilvav) – Root: לבב (l.v.v); Form: Preposition + noun in construct; Translation: “like the heart of”; Notes: Sets up a comparison.
- דָּוִ֥יד אָבִֽיו (Dawid aviv) – Root: דוד (d.w.d) + אב (ʾ.v); Form: Proper noun + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Dawid his father”; Notes: Example of complete loyalty to YHWH.