בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְחָמֵ֤שׁ שָׁנָה֙ הָיָ֣ה בְמָלְכֹ֔ו וְשֵׁשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמֹּ֔ו יְרוּשָׁ֖א בַּת־צָדֹֽוק׃
He was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Yerushalayim, and the name of his mother was Yerusha daughter of Tsadoq.
Morphology
- בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים (ben-ʿesrim) – Roots: בן, עשרים; Form: Construct noun + cardinal number; Translation: “twenty”; Notes: Used in age expressions.
- וְחָמֵ֤שׁ (ve-ḥamesh) – Root: חמש; Form: Conjunction + cardinal number feminine; Translation: “and five”; Notes: Combines with twenty to make twenty-five.
- שָׁנָה֙ (shanah) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Unit of age.
- הָיָ֣ה (hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he was”; Notes: Used with temporal clause about age.
- בְמָלְכֹ֔ו (be-mal’kho) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he began to reign”; Notes: Idiom for beginning of kingship.
- וְשֵׁשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה (ve-shesh-ʿesreh) – Roots: שׁשׁ, עשר; Form: Conjunction + compound cardinal number; Translation: “sixteen”; Notes: Duration of reign.
- שָׁנָ֔ה (shanah) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Repeats for duration clarification.
- מָלַ֖ךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he reigned”; Notes: Indicates active rulership.
- בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלם; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital of Yehudah.
- וְשֵׁ֣ם (ve-shem) – Root: שם; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the name”; Notes: Introduces maternal reference.
- אִמֹּ֔ו (immo) – Root: אם; Form: Noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his mother”; Notes: Common in royal formulas.
- יְרוּשָׁ֖א (Yerusha) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerusha”; Notes: Name of the king’s mother.
- בַּת־צָדֹֽוק (bat-Tsadoq) – Roots: בת, צדק; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of Tsadoq”; Notes: Indicates lineage and possibly priestly heritage.