וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אוּרִיָּ֜ה אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד הָ֠אָרֹון וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וִֽיהוּדָ֜ה יֹשְׁבִ֣ים בַּסֻּכֹּ֗ות וַאדֹנִ֨י יֹואָ֜ב וְעַבְדֵ֤י אֲדֹנִ֨י עַל־פְּנֵ֤י הַשָּׂדֶה֙ חֹנִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֞י אָבֹ֧וא אֶל־בֵּיתִ֛י לֶאֱכֹ֥ל וְלִשְׁתֹּ֖ות וְלִשְׁכַּ֣ב עִם־אִשְׁתִּ֑י חַיֶּ֨ךָ֙ וְחֵ֣י נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ אִֽם־אֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃
And Uriyya said to Dawid, “The Ark and Yisraʾel and Yehuda are dwelling in booths, and my lord Yoʾav and the servants of my lord are encamped in the open field—shall I then go to my house to eat and to drink and to lie with my wife? As you live, and as your soul lives, I will not do this thing.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Narrative speech introduction.
- אוּרִיָּ֜ה (Uriyyah) – Root: אוריה (Uriyyah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Uriyyah”; Notes: Speaker of the following words.
- אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד (el-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Addressee of Uriyyah.
- הָאָרֹון (ha-ʾaron) – Root: ארון (ʾaron); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the Ark”; Notes: Refers to the Ark of the Covenant.
- וְיִשְׂרָאֵל (ve-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “and Yisraʾel”; Notes: Nation of Israel.
- וִיהוּדָה (vi-Yehudah) – Root: יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “and Yehudah”; Notes: Southern tribe/region.
- יֹשְׁבִים (yoshevim) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “dwelling”; Notes: Continuous action.
- בַּסֻּכֹּות (ba-sukkot) – Root: סכה (sukkah); Form: Preposition + definite plural noun; Translation: “in booths”; Notes: Temporary shelters for battle or pilgrimage.
- וַאדֹנִי (va-adoni) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Conjunction + noun with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and my lord”; Notes: Refers to Yoʾav.
- יֹואָב (Yoʾav) – Root: יואב (Yoʾav); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoʾav”; Notes: Uriyyah’s military commander.
- וְעַבְדֵי (ve-ʿavdei) – Root: עבד (ʿeved); Form: Conjunction + construct noun with suffix; Translation: “and the servants of”; Notes: Collective military term.
- אֲדֹנִי (adoni) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun + 1st person suffix; Translation: “my lord”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- עַל־פְּנֵי (ʿal-penei) – Root: פנה (paneh); Form: Preposition + construct; Translation: “upon the face of”; Notes: Idiomatic for “in the presence of” or “in the field.”
- הַשָּׂדֶה (ha-sadeh) – Root: שׂדה (sadeh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the field”; Notes: The battlefield.
- חֹנִים (ḥonim) – Root: חנה (ḥanah); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are encamped”; Notes: Military encampment.
- וַאֲנִי (va-ani) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction + independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “and I”; Notes: Contrastive.
- אָבֹוא (avo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “shall I go”; Notes: Rhetorical question structure.
- אֶל־בֵּיתִי (el-beiti) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition + noun construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to my house”; Notes: Intended location he refuses.
- לֶאֱכֹל (leʾekhol) – Root: אכל (ʾakhal); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “to eat”; Notes: Purpose infinitive.
- וְלִשְׁתֹּות (ve-lishtot) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Conjunction + infinitive construct; Translation: “and to drink”; Notes: Parallel with previous verb.
- וְלִשְׁכַּב (ve-lishkav) – Root: שׁכב (shakav); Form: Conjunction + infinitive construct; Translation: “and to lie”; Notes: Euphemistic for sexual relations.
- עִם־אִשְׁתִּי (ʿim-ishti) – Roots: עם (ʿim), אשה (ishah); Form: Preposition + noun with 1st person suffix; Translation: “with my wife”; Notes: Object of intimacy.
- חַיֶּךָ (ḥayekha) – Root: חי (ḥay); Form: Noun plural in construct + 2nd person singular suffix; Translation: “as you live”; Notes: Oath formula.
- וְחֵי נַפְשֶׁךָ (ve-ḥei nafshekha) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Conjunction + noun construct + 2nd person suffix; Translation: “and as your soul lives”; Notes: Strengthens the oath.
- אִם (im) – Form: Particle; Translation: “surely not / if”; Notes: Negative oath expression.
- אֶעֱשֶׂה (eʿeseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will do”; Notes: Verb negated by oath.
- אֶת־הַדָּבָר (et-ha-davar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Direct object marker + definite noun; Translation: “this thing”; Notes: The action he refuses.
- הַזֶּה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative adjective masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “thing.”