וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף דָּוִ֛ד בָּאִ֖ישׁ מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ אֶל־נָתָ֔ן חַי־יְהוָ֕ה כִּ֣י בֶן־מָ֔וֶת הָאִ֖ישׁ הָעֹשֶׂ֥ה זֹֽאת׃
And the anger of Dawid burned greatly against the man, and he said to Natan, “As YHWH lives, the man who has done this is a son of death.
Morphology
- וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף (vayyikhar-af) – Roots: חרה (ḥarah), אף (af); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd masculine singular + noun masculine singular in construct; Translation: “And the anger burned”; Notes: Idiomatic expression for wrath or fierce anger.
- דָּוִ֛ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject experiencing anger.
- בָּאִ֖ישׁ (ba-ish) – Root: אישׁ (ish); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “against the man”; Notes: Object of Dawid’s wrath.
- מְאֹ֑ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “greatly”; Notes: Intensifies the burning anger.
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Begins Dawid’s oath.
- אֶל־נָתָ֔ן (el-Natan) – Root: נתן (Natan); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Natan”; Notes: Direct recipient of Dawid’s statement.
- חַי־יְהוָ֕ה (ḥai-YHWH) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Adjective masculine singular + proper noun; Translation: “As YHWH lives”; Notes: Oath formula invoking divine name.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “surely” or “because”; Notes: Introduces direct assertion.
- בֶן־מָ֔וֶת (ven-mavet) – Roots: בן (ben), מות (mavet); Form: Construct chain: “son of death”; Translation: “a son of death”; Notes: Idiom meaning “deserving of death.”
- הָאִ֖ישׁ (ha-ish) – Root: אישׁ (ish); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the man”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- הָעֹשֶׂ֥ה (ha-ʿoseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “who has done”; Notes: Refers to the recent action described by Natan.
- זֹֽאת (zot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Points to the unjust act in the parable.