וְאֶת־הַכִּבְשָׂ֖ה יְשַׁלֵּ֣ם אַרְבַּעְתָּ֑יִם עֵ֗קֶב אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה וְעַ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־חָמָֽל׃
And the ewe lamb he shall repay fourfold, because he did this thing and because he had no pity.
Morphology
- וְאֶת־הַכִּבְשָׂ֖ה (ve-et ha-kivsah) – Root: כבשׂ (kivsah); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “And the ewe lamb”; Notes: Object of the verb “he shall repay.”
- יְשַׁלֵּ֣ם (yeshallem) – Root: שלם (shalam); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall repay”; Notes: Intensive form indicating full restitution.
- אַרְבַּעְתָּ֑יִם (arbaʿtayim) – Root: ארבע (arbaʿ); Form: Dual noun (fourfold); Translation: “fourfold”; Notes: Legal restitution per Exodus 22:1.
- עֵ֗קֶב (ʿeqev) – Root: עקב (ʿaqev); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces the reason for judgment.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that” or “because”; Notes: Links clause explaining cause.
- עָשָׂה֙ (ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he did”; Notes: Refers to the unjust act.
- אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר (et ha-davar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular with article; Translation: “this thing”; Notes: The cruel deed of taking the lamb.
- הַזֶּ֔ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative adjective masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the specific action described earlier.
- וְעַ֖ל (ve-ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “and because”; Notes: Introduces another causal clause.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Relative clause explanation.
- לֹֽא־חָמָֽל (lo-ḥamal) – Root: חמל (ḥamal); Form: Negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “he had no pity”; Notes: Highlights the heartless nature of the act.