אֵ֣לֶּה הַמִּצְוֹ֞ת וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת מֹואָ֔ב עַ֖ל יַרְדֵּ֥ן יְרֵחֹֽו׃
These are the commandments and the judgments that YHWH commanded by the hand of Mosheh to the sons of Yisra’el in the plains of Moʾav by the Yarden, near Yeriḥo.
Morphology
- אֵ֣לֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה (ʾlh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the following commandments and judgments.
- הַמִּצְוֹ֞ת (hammiṣvot) – Root: צוה (ṣwh); Form: Noun, feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “the commandments”; Notes: Refers to divine instructions.
- וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֗ים (vehammišpaṭim) – Root: שׁפט (špṭ); Form: Noun, masculine plural with conjunction and definite article; Translation: “and the judgments”; Notes: Refers to legal rulings or decisions.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾšr); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the clause specifying the commandments and judgments.
- צִוָּ֧ה (ṣivvah) – Root: צוה (ṣwh); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “commanded”; Notes: Indicates a completed action.
- יְהוָ֛ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (yhwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, the divine name.
- בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֖ה (beyad-Mosheh) – Root: יד (yd) + משה (mšh); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “by the hand of Mosheh”; Notes: Indicates the instrument through which the commandments were given.
- אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (ʾel-benei Yisra’el) – Root: בן (bn) + שׂראל (śrʾl); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “to the sons of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite people.
- בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת מֹואָ֔ב (beʿarvot Moʾav) – Root: ערב (ʿrb) + מואב (mʾv); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “in the plains of Mo’av”; Notes: Describes the location.
- עַ֖ל יַרְדֵּ֥ן (ʿal Yarden) – Root: ירד (yrd); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “by the Yarden”; Notes: Indicates proximity to the Jordan River.
- יְרֵחֹֽו׃ (Yeriḥo) – Root: ריח (rḥ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “near Yeriḥo”; Notes: Specifies the region near Jericho.