וְאָמַ֞ר הַדֹּ֣ור הָֽאַחֲרֹ֗ון בְּנֵיכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָק֨וּמוּ֙ מֵאַ֣חֲרֵיכֶ֔ם וְהַ֨נָּכְרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָבֹ֖א מֵאֶ֣רֶץ רְחֹוקָ֑ה וְ֠רָאוּ אֶת־מַכֹּ֞ות הָאָ֤רֶץ הַהִוא֙ וְאֶת־תַּ֣חֲלֻאֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁר־חִלָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה בָּֽהּ׃
And the later generation, your children who rise up after you, and the foreigner who comes from a distant land, will say when they see the plagues of that land and the diseases with which YHWH has afflicted it;
Morphology
- וְאָמַ֞ר (ve’amar) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And will say”; Notes: Introduces the reaction of future observers.
- הַדֹּ֣ור (haddor) – Root: דור (d-w-r); Form: Definite article + masculine singular noun; Translation: “the generation”; Notes: Refers to a specific group of people in time.
- הָֽאַחֲרֹ֗ון (ha’acharon) – Root: אחר (ʾ-ḥ-r); Form: Definite article + masculine singular adjective; Translation: “the later” or “the last”; Notes: Specifies the generation following the current one.
- בְּנֵיכֶם֙ (beneikhem) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Construct plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your children”; Notes: Indicates possession, referring to the descendants of the current audience.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָק֨וּמוּ֙ (asher yaku’mu) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Relative pronoun “who” + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “who rise up”; Notes: Describes the action of the future generation.
- מֵאַ֣חֲרֵיכֶ֔ם (me’acharekhem) – Root: אחר (ʾ-ḥ-r); Form: Preposition “from” + plural noun “after” + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “after you”; Notes: Specifies the timeline relative to the current generation.
- וְהַ֨נָּכְרִ֔י (vehanokhri) – Root: נכר (n-kh-r); Form: Conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun; Translation: “and the foreigner”; Notes: Refers to someone from outside Yisra’el.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָבֹ֖א (asher yavo) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Relative pronoun “who” + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “who comes”; Notes: Describes the arrival of the foreigner.
- מֵאֶ֣רֶץ רְחֹוקָ֑ה (me’erets rechokah) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts), רחוק (r-ḥ-q); Form: Preposition “from” + feminine singular noun “land” + feminine singular adjective “distant”; Translation: “from a distant land”; Notes: Indicates the foreigner’s origin.
- וְ֠רָאוּ (vera’u) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “and they will see”; Notes: Refers to both the future generation and the foreigner.
- אֶת־מַכֹּ֞ות (et-makkot) – Root: נכה (n-k-h); Form: Definite direct object marker + feminine plural noun; Translation: “the plagues”; Notes: Refers to divine afflictions upon the land.
- הָאָ֤רֶץ הַהִוא֙ (ha’aretz hahi) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Definite article + feminine singular noun “land” + demonstrative pronoun “that”; Translation: “of that land”; Notes: Specifies the land under judgment.
- וְאֶת־תַּ֣חֲלֻאֶ֔יהָ (ve’et-tachalu’eha) – Root: חלא (ḥ-l-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + definite direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and its diseases”; Notes: Refers to the specific afflictions inflicted by YHWH.
- אֲשֶׁר־חִלָּ֥ה (asher-chillah) – Root: חלה (ḥ-l-h); Form: Relative pronoun “which” + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “with which He has afflicted”; Notes: Indicates the agent of affliction is YHWH.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: The Tetragrammaton; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenant God of Yisra’el.
- בָּֽהּ׃ (bah) – Root: Preposition “in” + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Form: Prepositional phrase; Translation: “in it”; Notes: Refers to the land previously mentioned.