Judges 7:4

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־גִּדְעֹ֗ון עֹוד֮ הָעָ֣ם רָב֒ הֹורֵ֤ד אֹותָם֙ אֶל־הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ לְךָ֖ שָׁ֑ם וְהָיָ֡ה אֲשֶׁר֩ אֹמַ֨ר אֵלֶ֜יךָ זֶ֣ה יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֗ךְ ה֚וּא יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֔ךְ וְכֹ֨ל אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֜ר אֵלֶ֗יךָ זֶ֚ה לֹא־יֵלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֔ךְ ה֖וּא לֹ֥א יֵלֵֽךְ׃

And YHWH said to Gideʿon, “The people are still too many. Bring them down to the water, and I will refine them for you there. And it shall be that whomever I say to you, ‘This one shall go with you,’ he shall go with you; but everyone of whom I say to you, ‘This one shall not go with you,’ he shall not go.”

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Marks divine speech.
2. יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: (no root); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
3. אֶל־גִּדְעֹ֗ון (el-Gidʿon) – Root: גדע (gadaʿ); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to Gidʿon”; Notes: The recipient of YHWH’s speech.
4. עֹוד֮ (ʿod) – Root: (no root); Form: Adverb; Translation: “still”; Notes: Indicates continuation of a previous statement.
5. הָעָ֣ם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite army.
6. רָב֒ (rav) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “too many”; Notes: Describes the excessive size of the army.
7. הֹורֵ֤ד (hored) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Hifil imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Bring down”; Notes: A command from YHWH.
8. אֹותָם֙ (otam) – Root: (no root); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the army.
9. אֶל־הַמַּ֔יִם (el-ha-mayim) – Root: מים (mayim); Form: Noun, masculine plural with preposition; Translation: “to the water”; Notes: Indicates the place of testing.
10. וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ (ve-etsrefennu) – Root: צרף (tsaraf); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular with vav-consecutive and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and I will refine him”; Notes: Metaphor for testing or selection.
11. לְךָ֖ (lekha) – Root: (no root); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Indicates that the refining is for Gidʿon’s benefit.
12. שָׁ֑ם (sham) – Root: (no root); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Specifies the location.
13. וְהָיָ֡ה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And it shall be”; Notes: Introduces a conditional statement.
14. אֲשֶׁר֩ (asher) – Root: (no root); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whomever”; Notes: Introduces the condition.
15. אֹמַ֨ר (omar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I say”; Notes: YHWH’s directive.
16. אֵלֶ֜יךָ (eilekha) – Root: (no root); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Addressing Gidʿon.
17. זֶ֣ה (zeh) – Root: (no root); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “This one”; Notes: Refers to the chosen individuals.
18. יֵלֵ֣ךְ (yelekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall go”; Notes: Expresses permission.
19. אִתָּ֗ךְ (ittakh) – Root: (no root); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Specifies companionship.
20. וְכֹ֨ל (ve-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “but everyone”; Notes: Introduces a contrast.
21. אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֜ר (asher-omar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Relative pronoun + Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “whomever I say”; Notes: Introduces a condition regarding exclusion.
22. אֵלֶ֗יךָ (eilekha) – Root: (no root); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Addressing Gidʿon.
23. זֶ֚ה (zeh) – Root: (no root); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “This one”; Notes: Indicates specific individuals.
24. לֹא־יֵלֵ֣ךְ (lo-yelekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with negative particle; Translation: “shall not go”; Notes: Expresses prohibition.
25. עִמָּ֔ךְ (immakh) – Root: (no root); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Specifies exclusion from Gidʿon’s force.
26. ה֖וּא (hu) – Root: (no root); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Emphasizes the individual in question.
27. לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: (no root); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Reinforces the prohibition.
28. יֵלֵֽךְ (yelekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall go”; Notes: Finalizes YHWH’s command.