Zechariah 8:4

כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאֹ֔ות עֹ֤ד יֵֽשְׁבוּ֙ זְקֵנִ֣ים וּזְקֵנֹ֔ות בִּרְחֹבֹ֖ות יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְאִ֧ישׁ מִשְׁעַנְתֹּ֛ו בְּיָדֹ֖ו מֵרֹ֥ב יָמִֽים׃

Thus said YHWH of Hosts: ‘Yet shall sit old men and old women in the squares of Yerushalayim, and each man his staff in his hand because of abundance of days.

Morphology

1. כֹּה (koh) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Introduces a formal prophetic declaration.
2. אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Marks the beginning of divine speech.
3. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
4. צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא (tsavaʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Emphasizes divine sovereignty.
5. עֹד (ʿod) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “yet / again”; Notes: Signals continuation or restoration.
6. יֵשְׁבוּ (yeshvu) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall sit”; Notes: Describes settled, peaceful dwelling.
7. זְקֵנִים (zqenim) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “old men”; Notes: Symbol of longevity and stability.
8. וּזְקֵנוֹת (u-zqenot) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and old women”; Notes: Completes the image of communal peace.
9. בִּרְחֹבוֹת (bi-reḥovot) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “in the squares”; Notes: Public spaces of the city.
10. יְרוּשָׁלִָם (Yerushalayim) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: City restored to peace.
11. וְאִישׁ (ve-ish) – Root: אנשׁ (enosh); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and each man”; Notes: Individualizes the scene.
12. מִשְׁעַנְתֹּו (mishʿanto) – Root: שׁען (shaʿan); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his staff”; Notes: Symbol of advanced age.
13. בְּיָדוֹ (be-yado) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “in his hand”; Notes: Describes posture and condition.
14. מֵרֹב (me-rov) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “because of abundance”; Notes: Expresses cause.
15. יָמִים (yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “days”; Notes: Indicates long life.