כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאֹ֔ות קִנֵּ֥אתִי לְצִיֹּ֖ון קִנְאָ֣ה גְדֹולָ֑ה וְחֵמָ֥ה גְדֹולָ֖ה קִנֵּ֥אתִי לָֽהּ׃
“Thus said YHWH of Hosts: ‘I have been zealous for Tsiyyon with great zeal, and with great fury I have been zealous for her.’
Morphology
- כֹּה (koh) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Introduces a formal prophetic proclamation.
- אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Marks the beginning of direct divine speech.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא (tsavaʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Emphasizes divine sovereignty and command.
- קִנֵּאתִי (kinneʾti) – Root: קנא (qanaʾ); Form: Piel perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have been zealous”; Notes: Expresses intense covenantal passion.
- לְצִיֹּון (le-Tsiyyon) – Root: ציון (Tsiyyon); Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “for Tsiyyon”; Notes: Identifies the object of divine zeal.
- קִנְאָה (qinʾah) – Root: קנא (qanaʾ); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “zeal”; Notes: Intensifies the emotional force of the statement.
- גְדֹולָה (gedolah) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Modifies “zeal.”
- וְחֵמָה (ve-ḥemah) – Root: חמה (ḥemah); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and fury”; Notes: Conveys intense divine emotion.
- גְדֹולָה (gedolah) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Qualifies the extent of the fury.
- קִנֵּאתִי (kinneʾti) – Root: קנא (qanaʾ); Form: Piel perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have been zealous”; Notes: Repetition reinforces intensity.
- לָהּ (lah) – Root: —; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “for her”; Notes: Refers back to Tsiyyon.