וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יִפְתָּח֙ לְזִקְנֵ֣י גִלְעָ֔ד הֲלֹ֤א אַתֶּם֙ שְׂנֵאתֶ֣ם אֹותִ֔י וַתְּגָרְשׁ֖וּנִי מִבֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑י וּמַדּ֜וּעַ בָּאתֶ֤ם אֵלַי֙ עַ֔תָּה כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר צַ֥ר לָכֶֽם׃
And Yiftaḥ said to the elders of Gileʿad, “Did you not hate me and drive me out from my father’s house? And why have you come to me now, when you are in distress?”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- יִפְתָּח֙ (Yiftaḥ) – Root: יפתח (Yiftaḥ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yiftaḥ”; Notes: Personal name.
- לְזִקְנֵ֣י (le-ziqnei) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “to the elders of”; Notes: Indicates recipients of speech.
- גִלְעָ֔ד (Gilʿad) – Root: גלעד (Gilʿad); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Gilʿad”; Notes: Geographical region.
- הֲלֹ֤א (halo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “Did you not”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical question.
- אַתֶּם֙ (atem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Subject of the question.
- שְׂנֵאתֶ֣ם (seneʾetem) – Root: שנא (sane); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “hated”; Notes: Past action referring to their rejection of Yiftaḥ.
- אֹותִ֔י (oti) – Root: את (ʾot); Form: Direct object marker with 1st person singular pronoun; Translation: “me”; Notes: Marks the object of the verb.
- וַתְּגָרְשׁ֖וּנִי (va-tegarshuni) – Root: גרש (garash); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (preterite) 2nd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and you drove me out”; Notes: Intensive form indicating forceful expulsion.
- מִבֵּ֣ית (mi-beit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with prepositional prefix; Translation: “from the house of”; Notes: Indicates origin.
- אָבִ֑י (avi) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my father”; Notes: Possessive form.
- וּמַדּ֜וּעַ (u-madduaʿ) – Root: מדוע (madduaʿ); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “And why”; Notes: Introduces the question.
- בָּאתֶ֤ם (batem) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “have you come”; Notes: Refers to their present action.
- אֵלַי֙ (elai) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates direction.
- עַ֔תָּה (ʿattah) – Root: עתה (ʿattah); Form: Adverb; Translation: “now”; Notes: Indicates time.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- צַ֥ר (tzar) – Root: צרר (tzarar); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “distress”; Notes: Refers to hardship or trouble.
- לָכֶֽם׃ (lakhem) – Root: ל (le) + אתם (atem); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural pronoun; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Indicates those experiencing distress.