וָֽאֶרְאֶ֞ה כִּֽי־אֵינְךָ֣ מֹושִׁ֗יעַ וָאָשִׂ֨ימָה נַפְשִׁ֤י בְכַפִּי֙ וָֽאֶעְבְּרָה֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֹּ֔ון וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדִ֑י וְלָמָ֞ה עֲלִיתֶ֥ם אֵלַ֛י הַיֹּ֥ום הַזֶּ֖ה לְהִלָּ֥חֶם בִּֽי׃
And I saw that you were not delivering, so I placed my life in my hand, and I crossed over to the sons of ʿAmmon, and YHWH gave them into my hand. And why have you come up against me this day to fight me?”
Morphology
- וָֽאֶרְאֶ֞ה (va-ereh) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 1st person singular; Translation: “And I saw”; Notes: Indicates realization.
- כִּֽי־אֵינְךָ֣ (ki-einkha) – Root: אין (ʾein) + אתה (ʾatah); Form: Negative particle + pronoun; Translation: “that you were not”; Notes: Expresses negation.
- מֹושִׁ֗יעַ (moshiaʿ) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “delivering”; Notes: Refers to saving or rescuing.
- וָאָשִׂ֨ימָה (va-asimah) – Root: שם (sim); Form: Qal cohortative 1st person singular; Translation: “so I placed”; Notes: Expresses intentional action.
- נַפְשִׁ֤י (nafshi) – Root: נפש (nefesh); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my life”; Notes: Refers to risk-taking.
- בְכַפִּי֙ (be-khappi) – Root: כף (kaf); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “in my hand”; Notes: Expression of taking a risk.
- וָֽאֶעְבְּרָה֙ (va-eʿberah) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal cohortative 1st person singular; Translation: “and I crossed over”; Notes: Indicates physical movement.
- אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֹּ֔ון (el-bnei ʿAmmon) – Root: בן (ben) + עמון (ʿAmmon); Form: Construct noun phrase; Translation: “to the sons of ʿAmmon”; Notes: Identifies the opposing nation.
- וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם (va-yitnem) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and He gave them”; Notes: Refers to divine intervention.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- בְּיָדִ֑י (be-yadi) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “into my hand”; Notes: Symbolizes victory.
- וְלָמָ֞ה (ve-lamah) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “And why”; Notes: Introduces a question.
- עֲלִיתֶ֥ם (ʿalitem) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “have you come up”; Notes: Refers to movement.
- אֵלַ֛י (elai) – Root: אל (el); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates direction.
- הַיֹּ֥ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “this day”; Notes: Specifies the time.
- הַזֶּ֖ה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Reinforces the time reference.
- לְהִלָּ֥חֶם (le-hillaḥem) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Nifal infinitive construct; Translation: “to fight”; Notes: Expresses the purpose of their action.
- בִּֽי׃ (bi) – Root: ב (be) + אני (ani); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “against me”; Notes: Identifies the target of aggression.