וַיְהִ֗י כָּל־יֹֽודְעֹו֙ מֵאִתְּמֹ֣ול שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ום וַיִּרְא֕וּ וְהִנֵּ֥ה עִם־נְבִאִ֖ים נִבָּ֑א וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֗הוּ מַה־זֶּה֙ הָיָ֣ה לְבֶן־קִ֔ישׁ הֲגַ֥ם שָׁא֖וּל בַּנְּבִיאִֽים׃
And it happened that all who had known him before, from yesterday and the day before, saw that he was prophesying among the prophets, and the people said, each to his neighbor, “What is this that has happened to the son of Qish? Is Shaʾul also among the prophets?”
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֗י (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it happened”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- כָּל־יֹֽודְעֹו֙ (kol-yodʿo) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “all who knew him”; Notes: Expresses collective knowledge.
- מֵאִתְּמֹ֣ול (me-itmol) – Root: אתמול (etmol); Form: Adverb; Translation: “from yesterday”; Notes: Indicates past time.
- שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ום (shilshom) – Root: שלשום (shilshom); Form: Adverb; Translation: “the day before”; Notes: Extends the timeframe further back.
- וַיִּרְא֕וּ (va-yirʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they saw”; Notes: Expresses visual perception.
- וְהִנֵּ֥ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Particle; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Introduces a significant event.
- עִם־נְבִאִ֖ים (ʿim-neviʾim) – Root: נביא (navi); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural; Translation: “among the prophets”; Notes: Indicates association.
- נִבָּ֑א (nibba) – Root: נבא (nava); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he prophesied”; Notes: Passive or reflexive prophetic activity.
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- הָעָ֜ם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to a collective group.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Generic term for person.
- אֶל־רֵעֵ֗הוּ (el-reʿehu) – Root: רעה (reʿa); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to his neighbor”; Notes: Indicates direction of speech.
- מַה־זֶּה֙ (mah-zeh) – Root: מה (mah) + זה (zeh); Form: Interrogative pronoun + demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “what is this”; Notes: Expresses surprise.
- הָיָ֣ה (hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has happened”; Notes: Past event.
- לְבֶן־קִ֔ישׁ (le-ven-Qish) – Root: בן (ben) + קיש (Qish); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “to the son of Qish”; Notes: Indicates lineage.
- הֲגַ֥ם (ha-gam) – Root: גם (gam); Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “is also”; Notes: Expresses rhetorical disbelief.
- שָׁא֖וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Name of a person.
- בַּנְּבִיאִֽים (ba-neviʾim) – Root: נביא (navi); Form: Noun, masculine plural, definite; Translation: “among the prophets”; Notes: Indicates inclusion in the group.