וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר שָׁא֗וּל אֶל־יֹונָתָ֤ן בְּנֹו֙ וְאֶל־כָּל־עֲבָדָ֔יו לְהָמִ֖ית אֶת־דָּוִ֑ד וִיהֹֽונָתָן֙ בֶּן־שָׁא֔וּל חָפֵ֥ץ בְּדָוִ֖ד מְאֹֽד׃
And Shaʾul spoke to Yonatan his son and to all his servants to put Dawid to death, but Yehonatan, son of Shaʾul, delighted in Dawid greatly.
Morphology
- וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר (va-yedabbér) – Root: דבר (dabar); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he spoke”; Notes: Indicates a forceful or deliberate speech.
- שָׁאוּל֗ (Shaʾul) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: The subject of the speech.
- אֶל־יֹונָתָ֤ן (ʾel-Yonatan) – Root: יונתן (Yonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Yonatan”; Notes: The primary recipient of Shaʾul’s words.
- בְּנֹו֙ (benó) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his son”; Notes: Identifies Yonatan as Shaʾul’s son.
- וְאֶל־כָּל־עֲבָדָ֔יו (ve-ʾel-kol-ʿavadáv) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “and to all his servants”; Notes: Indicates Shaʾul addressed his entire court.
- לְהָמִ֖ית (le-hamít) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to put to death”; Notes: Expresses intention.
- אֶת־דָּוִ֑ד (ʾet-Dawíd) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with direct object marker; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: The intended victim.
- וִיהֹֽונָתָן֙ (vi-Yehonatan) – Root: יונתן (Yonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “but Yehonatan”; Notes: Introduces a contrast.
- בֶּן־שָׁא֔וּל (ben-Shaʾul) – Root: בן (ben) + שאל (shaʾal); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “son of Shaʾul”; Notes: Repeats Yonatan’s identity.
- חָפֵ֥ץ (ḥaféts) – Root: חפץ (ḥafets); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “delighted”; Notes: Indicates deep affection.
- בְּדָוִ֖ד (be-Dawíd) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “in Dawid”; Notes: The object of Yonatan’s delight.
- מְאֹֽד (meʾód) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “very much”; Notes: Emphasizes Yonatan’s strong favor toward Dawid.