וְלַאֲבִיגַ֨יִל֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת נָבָ֔ל הִגִּ֧יד נַֽעַר־אֶחָ֛ד מֵהַנְּעָרִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֣ה שָׁלַח֩ דָּוִ֨ד מַלְאָכִ֧ים מֵֽהַמִּדְבָּ֛ר לְבָרֵ֥ךְ אֶת־אֲדֹנֵ֖ינוּ וַיָּ֥עַט בָּהֶֽם׃
And to Avigayil, the wife of Naval, one of the young men told, saying, “Behold, Dawid has sent messengers from the wilderness to bless our master, but he scorned them.
Morphology
- וְלַאֲבִיגַ֨יִל֙ (ve-laʾavigayil) – Root: אביגיל (ʾAvigayil); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “And to Avigayil”; Notes: Refers to Naval’s wife.
- אֵ֣שֶׁת (eshet) – Root: אשה (ʾishah); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “wife of”; Notes: Shows possession.
- נָבָ֔ל (Naval) – Root: נבל (Naval); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Naval”; Notes: Identifies her husband.
- הִגִּ֧יד (higgid) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “told”; Notes: Indicates a report was given.
- נַֽעַר־אֶחָ֛ד (naʿar eḥad) – Root: נער (naʿar), אחד (eḥad); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + adjective; Translation: “one young man”; Notes: Specifies the informant.
- מֵהַנְּעָרִ֖ים (me-ha-neʿarim) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, masculine plural with preposition; Translation: “from the young men”; Notes: Indicates his group.
- לֵאמֹ֑ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- הִנֵּ֣ה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Calls attention.
- שָׁלַח֩ (shalakh) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has sent”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s action.
- דָּוִ֨ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- מַלְאָכִ֧ים (malʾakhim) – Root: מלאך (malʾakh); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “messengers”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s envoys.
- מֵֽהַמִּדְבָּ֛ר (me-ha-midbar) – Root: מדבר (midbar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “from the wilderness”; Notes: Indicates their place of origin.
- לְבָרֵ֥ךְ (le-varekh) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “to bless”; Notes: Indicates purpose.
- אֶת־אֲדֹנֵ֖ינוּ (et-adoneinu) – Root: אדן (adon); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “our master”; Notes: Refers to Naval.
- וַיָּ֥עַט (vayyaʿat) – Root: עט (ʿaṭa); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “but he scorned”; Notes: Expresses Naval’s rejection.
- בָּהֶֽם (bahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition + pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s messengers.