וּמַדּ֕וּעַ לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔רְתָּ אֵ֖ת שְׁבֻעַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְאֶת־הַמִּצְוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּ֥יתִי עָלֶֽיךָ׃
And why have you not kept the oath of YHWH and the commandment which I commanded you?”
Morphology
- וּמַדּ֕וּעַ (u-madduaʿ) – Root: ידע; Form: Interrogative particle with conjunction; Translation: “And why”; Notes: Begins a rhetorical question indicating accusation.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes negation.
- שָׁמַ֔רְתָּ (shamarta) – Root: שׁמר; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you kept”; Notes: Implies failure to observe.
- אֵ֖ת (et) – Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [no translation]; Notes: Marks the following noun as the direct object.
- שְׁבֻעַ֣ת (shevuʿat) – Root: שׁבע; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the oath of”; Notes: Refers to a solemn vow.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name, object of the oath.
- וְאֶת־ (ve-et) – Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: “and [the]”; Notes: Connects second object.
- הַמִּצְוָ֖ה (ha-mitsvah) – Root: צוה; Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the commandment”; Notes: Refers to a specific directive from the king.
- אֲשֶׁר־ (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- צִוִּ֥יתִי (tsivviti) – Root: צוה; Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I commanded”; Notes: Denotes a strong, formal order.
- עָלֶֽיךָ (alekha) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Specifies the recipient of the command.