וַיַּ֣רְא כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּ֠י לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֣ע הַמֶּלֶךְ֮ אֲלֵיהֶם֒ וַיָּשִׁ֣בוּ הָעָ֣ם אֶת־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּבָ֣ר לֵאמֹ֡ר מַה־לָּנוּ֩ חֵ֨לֶק בְּדָוִ֜ד וְלֹֽא־נַחֲלָ֣ה בְּבֶן־יִשַׁ֗י לְאֹהָלֶ֨יךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַתָּ֕ה רְאֵ֥ה בֵיתְךָ֖ דָּוִ֑ד וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃
And all Yisraʾel saw that the king did not listen to them, and the people returned an answer to the king, saying, “What portion do we have in Dawid? And no inheritance in the son of Yishai. To your tents, O Yisraʾel! Now see your own house, Dawid!” And Yisraʾel went to their tents.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֣רְא (va-yarʾ) – Root: ראה (r.ʾ.h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he saw”; Notes: Refers to collective perception by Yisraʾel.
- כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (kol-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “all Yisraʾel”; Notes: The united northern tribes.
- כִּ֠י (ki) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces reported perception.
- לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֣ע (lo-shamaʿ) – Root: שמע (sh.m.ʿ); Form: Negative + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “did not listen”; Notes: Refers to Reḥavʿam’s refusal.
- הַמֶּלֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (m.l.k); Form: Definite noun; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Subject of the verb “listen.”
- אֲלֵיהֶם (aleihem) – Root: אל (ʾ.l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the people.
- וַיָּשִׁ֣בוּ (va-yashivu) – Root: שוב (sh.u.v); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they returned [an answer]”; Notes: Used idiomatically here as “responded.”
- הָעָם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ.m); Form: Definite noun; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Subject of the verb “returned.”
- אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ (et-ha-melekh) – Form: Direct object marker + definite noun; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Recipient of the reply.
- דָּבָר (davar) – Root: דבר (d.b.r); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a word”; Notes: The content of their response.
- לֵאמֹר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾ.m.r); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- מַה־לָּנוּ (mah-lanu) – Root: מה (m.h); Form: Interrogative + pronoun; Translation: “What to us”; Notes: Implies “What have we [to do with]…?”
- חֵלֶק (ḥeleq) – Root: חלק (ḥ.l.q); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “portion”; Notes: Denotes shared inheritance or claim.
- בְּדָוִד (be-Dawid) – Root: דוד (D.w.d); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Dawid”; Notes: Symbolizes the royal dynasty.
- וְלֹא־נַחֲלָה (ve-lo-naḥalah) – Root: נחל (n.ḥ.l); Form: Conjunction + negative + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “and no inheritance”; Notes: Parallel to “portion.”
- בְּבֶן־יִשַׁי (be-ven-Yishai) – Root: בן (b.n); Form: Preposition + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “in the son of Yishai”; Notes: Another reference to Dawid’s dynasty.
- לְאֹהָלֶיךָ (le-ohalekha) – Root: אהל (ʾ.h.l); Form: Preposition + noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to your tents”; Notes: Call to return to tribal independence.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Vocative usage: addressing the people.
- עַתָּה (ʿattah) – Form: Adverb; Translation: “now”; Notes: Signals conclusion.
- רְאֵה (reʾeh) – Root: ראה (r.ʾ.h); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “see”; Notes: Direct command to the king.
- בֵיתְךָ (beitkha) – Root: בית (b.y.t); Form: Construct noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your house”; Notes: Sarcastic dismissal.
- דָּוִד (Dawid) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis on rejecting the dynasty.
- וַיֵּלֶךְ (va-yelek) – Root: הלך (h.l.k); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he went”; Notes: Refers to collective action of the people.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Collective subject.
- לְאֹהָלָיו (le-ohalav) – Root: אהל (ʾ.h.l); Form: Preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to his tents”; Notes: Return to homes, signifies rebellion.