Jeremiah 17:24

וְ֠הָיָה אִם־שָׁמֹ֨עַ תִּשְׁמְע֤וּן אֵלַי֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה לְבִלְתִּ֣י הָבִ֣יא מַשָּׂ֗א בְּשַׁעֲרֵ֛י הָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֖את בְּיֹ֣ום הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת וּלְקַדֵּשׁ֙ אֶת־יֹ֣ום הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת לְבִלְתִּ֥י עֲשֹֽׂות־בּוֹ כָּל־מְלָאכָֽה׃

And it shall be, if you indeed listen to Me,” declares YHWH, “not to bring a burden through the gates of this city on the day of the Shabbat, and to sanctify the day of the Shabbat, not to do any work in it,

 

Morphology

  1. וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And it shall be”; Notes: Introduces a conditional or future consequence.
  2. אִם (ʾim) – Root: אם; Form: Conditional particle; Translation: “if”; Notes: Introduces a condition for covenantal blessing.
  3. שָׁמֹעַ תִּשְׁמְע֤וּן (shamoaʿ tishmeʿun) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you indeed listen”; Notes: Emphatic construction expressing diligence or repeated obedience.
  4. אֵלַי (elai) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to Me”; Notes: Directs obedience to YHWH Himself.
  5. נְאֻם־יְהוָה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Formal prophetic affirmation of divine speech.
  6. לְבִלְתִּי (levilti) – Root: בלתי; Form: Preposition of negation + infinitive construct; Translation: “not to”; Notes: Introduces negated purpose or result.
  7. הָבִיא (haviʾ) – Root: בוא; Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “bring”; Notes: Refers to carrying or transporting a burden.
  8. מַשָּׂא (masa) – Root: נשא; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a burden”; Notes: Physical loads, especially related to labor or commerce.
  9. בְּשַׁעֲרֵי (be-shaʿarei) – Root: שער; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “through the gates of”; Notes: City gates as sites of legal and economic activity.
  10. הָעִיר הַזֹּאת (ha-ʿir ha-zot) – Root: עיר; Form: Definite noun + demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this city”; Notes: Refers to Yerushalayim, the city of YHWH’s presence.
  11. בְּיֹום הַשַּׁבָּת (be-yom ha-shabbat) – Root: יום, שׁבת; Form: Preposition + definite noun + definite noun; Translation: “on the day of the Shabbat”; Notes: Specifies the time of restriction—sacred rest day.
  12. וּלְקַדֵּשׁ (u-lekaddesh) – Root: קדשׁ; Form: Conjunction + Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “and to sanctify”; Notes: Denotes treating the day as holy—separate from labor.
  13. אֶת־יֹום הַשַּׁבָּת (et-yom ha-shabbat) – Root: יום, שׁבת; Form: Direct object marker + noun phrase; Translation: “the day of the Shabbat”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis—central command.
  14. לְבִלְתִּי עֲשֹׂות־בּוֹ (levilti ʿasot-bo) – Root: עשה; Form: Preposition of negation + Qal infinitive construct + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “not to do in it”; Notes: Specifies complete cessation of work in the city on Shabbat.
  15. כָּל־מְלָאכָה (khol-melakhah) – Root: מלא; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “any work”; Notes: Refers to all forms of labor forbidden on Shabbat.

 

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