Isaiah 3:4

וְנָתַתִּ֥י נְעָרִ֖ים שָׂרֵיהֶ֑ם וְתַעֲלוּלִ֖ים יִמְשְׁלוּ־בָֽם׃

And I will make youths their princes, and capricious ones shall rule over them.

Morphology

1. וְנָתַתִּי (ve-natatti) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and I will make” or “and I will give”; Notes: Divine declaration of what YHWH will impose upon the people.
2. נְעָרִים (neʿarim) – Root: נער; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “youths”; Notes: Implies inexperience, immaturity, or lack of wisdom.
3. שָׂרֵיהֶם (sareihem) – Root: שר; Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their princes”; Notes: Positions of leadership given to immature individuals.
4. וְתַעֲלוּלִים (ve-taʿalulim) – Root: עלל; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and capricious ones” or “childish mischief-makers”; Notes: Implies recklessness or behavior lacking judgment.
5. יִמְשְׁלוּ (yimshlu) – Root: משׁל; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “shall rule”; Notes: Points to improper or destructive leadership.
6. בָם (vam) – Root: ב; Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “over them” or “upon them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yerushalayim and Yehudah.