Isaiah 19:1

מַשָּׂ֖א מִצְרָ֑יִם הִנֵּ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה רֹכֵ֨ב עַל־עָ֥ב קַל֙ וּבָ֣א מִצְרַ֔יִם וְנָע֞וּ אֱלִילֵ֤י מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ מִפָּנָ֔יו וּלְבַ֥ב מִצְרַ֖יִם יִמַּ֥ס בְּקִרְבֹּֽו׃

Burden of Mitsrayim: Behold, YHWH is riding on a swift cloud and is coming to Mitsrayim; and the idols of Mitsrayim shall tremble at His presence, and the heart of Mitsrayim shall melt within it.

Morphology

1. מַשָּׂא (masa) – Root: נשא (nasa); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “burden,” “oracle”; Notes: A prophetic utterance, often of judgment.
2. מִצְרָיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt using scholarly transliteration.
3. הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to a dramatic event.
4. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Divine name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
5. רֹכֵב (rokhev) – Root: רכב; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “riding”; Notes: A royal or divine image of movement.
6. עַל־עָב (ʿal-ʿav) – Root: על, עב; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “upon a cloud”; Notes: Signifies divine presence or judgment.
7. קַל (qal) – Root: קלל; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “swift,” “light”; Notes: Emphasizes the speed of YHWH’s approach.
8. וּבָא (u-va) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and He is coming”; Notes: Indicates imminent arrival.
9. מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name repeated; Translation: “to Mitsrayim”; Notes: Direct object of divine arrival.
10. וְנָעוּ (ve-naʿu) – Root: נוע; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall tremble”; Notes: Describes terror and instability.
11. אֱלִילֵי (elilei) – Root: אלל; Form: Noun masculine plural in construct; Translation: “idols of”; Notes: Diminutive and often contemptuous term for false gods.
12. מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name repeated in construct; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Their idols are the subject trembling before YHWH.
13. מִפָּנָיו (mi-panav) – Root: פנה; Form: Preposition + noun plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “at His presence”; Notes: Indicates divine confrontation.
14. וּלְבַב (u-levav) – Root: לבב; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the heart”; Notes: Symbol of inner strength and resolve.
15. מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name repeated again; Translation: “of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Shows the emotional collapse of the nation.
16. יִמַּס (yimmas) – Root: מסס; Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall melt”; Notes: Describes fear, dread, or panic.
17. בְּקִרְבּוֹ (be-qirbo) – Root: קרב; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with suffix; Translation: “within it”; Notes: Refers to the inner being of Mitsrayim.