כִּ֣י מֵעֹולָ֞ם שָׁבַ֣רְתִּי עֻלֵּ֗ךְ נִתַּ֨קְתִּי֙ מֹוסְרֹתַ֔יִךְ וַתֹּאמְרִ֖י לֹ֣א אעבד כִּ֣י עַֽל־כָּל־גִּבְעָ֞ה גְּבֹהָ֗ה וְתַ֨חַת֙ כָּל־עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֔ן אַ֖תְּ צֹעָ֥ה זֹנָֽה׃
For from of old I broke your yoke, I tore off your bonds, but you said, “I will not serve!” For upon every high hill and under every green tree you sprawled, playing the harlot.
Morphology
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces explanation or justification.
- מֵעֹולָ֞ם (meʿolam) – Root: עולם; Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “from of old”; Notes: Temporal phrase indicating antiquity.
- שָׁבַ֣רְתִּי (shavarti) – Root: שבר; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I broke”; Notes: Refers to YHWH breaking the yoke of oppression.
- עֻלֵּ֗ךְ (ʿullekh) – Root: עול; Form: Noun, masculine singular + 2fs suffix; Translation: “your yoke”; Notes: Symbol of subjugation or servitude.
- נִתַּ֨קְתִּי (nittaqti) – Root: נתק; Form: Nifal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I tore off”; Notes: Passive-reflexive stem indicating removal of restraints.
- מֹוסְרֹתַ֔יִךְ (mosrotayikh) – Root: מוסר; Form: Noun, feminine dual + 2fs suffix; Translation: “your bonds”; Notes: Indicates controlling cords or fetters.
- וַתֹּאמְרִ֖י (vatomerí) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (past narrative) 2fs; Translation: “and you said”; Notes: Feminine subject, continues the narrative.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denies the following verb.
- אעבד (eʿavod) – Root: עבד; Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will serve”; Notes: Expresses a future or habitual refusal.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Explains the behavioral evidence of rebellion.
- עַֽל־כָּל־גִּבְעָ֞ה (ʿal-kol-givʿah) – Root: גבע; Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “upon every hill”; Notes: Locative expression; idolatrous sites.
- גְּבֹהָ֗ה (gevohah) – Root: גבה; Form: Adjective, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “high”; Notes: Modifies “hill.”
- וְתַ֨חַת (ve-taḥat) – Root: תחת; Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “and under”; Notes: Continues the spatial description.
- כָּל־עֵ֣ץ (kol-ʿets) – Root: עץ; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “every tree”; Notes: Generic expression for vegetation.
- רַעֲנָ֔ן (raʿanan) – Root: רען; Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “green”; Notes: Lush, leafy tree — a typical setting for idolatrous rituals.
- אַ֖תְּ (at) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun, 2fs; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphatic subject.
- צֹעָ֥ה (tsoʿah) – Root: צעה; Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “sprawling” or “lying down”; Notes: Conveys shameless posture.
- זֹנָֽה (zonah) – Root: זנה; Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a harlot”; Notes: Conveys unfaithfulness in covenantal context.