וְאָמַרְתָּ֤ אֲלֵיהֶם֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה תֵּרַ֨דְנָה עֵינַ֥י דִּמְעָ֛ה לַ֥יְלָה וְיֹומָ֖ם וְאַל־תִּדְמֶ֑ינָה כִּי֩ שֶׁ֨בֶר גָּדֹ֜ול נִשְׁבְּרָ֗ה בְּתוּלַת֙ בַּת־עַמִּ֔י מַכָּ֖ה נַחְלָ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃
And you shall say to them this word: Let my eyes run down with tears night and day, and let them not cease, for with a great breaking the virgin daughter of my people is broken, a very grievous blow.
Morphology
- וְאָמַרְתָּ֤ (veʾamarta) – Root: אמר; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “And you shall say”; Notes: Imperative-like instruction directed to the prophet.
- אֲלֵיהֶם֙ (ʾalehem) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר (et-haddavar) – Root: דבר; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular definite; Translation: “the word”; Notes: Marks the content of what is to be said.
- הַזֶּ֔ה (hazzeh) – Root: זהה; Form: Demonstrative adjective masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the specific message being conveyed.
- תֵּרַ֨דְנָה (teradnah) – Root: ירד; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “let fall” or “shall run down”; Notes: Refers to “eyes” in a poetic or personified sense.
- עֵינַ֥י (ʿeinai) – Root: עין; Form: Noun dual + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my eyes”; Notes: Poetic expression of personal lament.
- דִּמְעָ֛ה (dimʿah) – Root: דמע; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “tears”; Notes: Object of the verb “run down.”
- לַ֥יְלָה (laylah) – Root: ליל; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “night”; Notes: Temporal expression.
- וְיֹומָ֖ם (veyomam) – Root: יום; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular (adverbial); Translation: “and day”; Notes: Forms an idiomatic expression with “night.”
- וְאַל־תִּדְמֶ֑ינָה (veʾal-tidmenah) – Root: דמה; Form: Conjunction + negative + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “and let them not cease”; Notes: Refers back to the “eyes” weeping.
- כִּי֩ (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason or explanation.
- שֶׁ֨בֶר (shever) – Root: שבר; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “breaking” or “collapse”; Notes: Refers to national or societal destruction.
- גָּדֹ֜ול (gadol) – Root: גדל; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Modifies “shever.”
- נִשְׁבְּרָ֗ה (nishberah) – Root: שבר; Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “she is broken”; Notes: Passive, refers to “virgin daughter.”
- בְּתוּלַת֙ (betulat) – Root: בתל; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “virgin”; Notes: Construct form joined with “daughter of my people.”
- בַּת־עַמִּ֔י (bat-ʿammi) – Root: בת, עם; Form: Construct noun + noun + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “daughter of my people”; Notes: Symbol of Yisraʾel or Yehudah in poetic form.
- מַכָּ֖ה (makkah) – Root: נכה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a blow”; Notes: Describes the consequence of the destruction.
- נַחְלָ֥ה (naḥlah) – Root: חלל or נחל; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “grievous” or “deep”; Notes: Possibly an intensive or poetic word for depth of injury.
- מְאֹֽד (meʾod) – Root: מאד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “very” or “exceedingly”; Notes: Intensifies the preceding noun.