הֲמָאֹ֨ס מָאַ֜סְתָּ אֶת־יְהוּדָ֗ה אִם־בְּצִיֹּון֙ גָּעֲלָ֣ה נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ מַדּ֨וּעַ֙ הִכִּיתָ֔נוּ וְאֵ֥ין לָ֖נוּ מַרְפֵּ֑א קַוֵּ֤ה לְשָׁלֹום֙ וְאֵ֣ין טֹ֔וב וּלְעֵ֥ת מַרְפֵּ֖א וְהִנֵּ֥ה בְעָתָֽה׃
Have You utterly rejected Yehudah? Has Your soul loathed Tsiyyon? Why have You struck us, and there is no healing for us? We waited for peace, but no good came; and for a time of healing—yet behold, terror.
Morphology
- הֲמָאֹ֨ס (ha-maʾos) – Root: מאס; Form: Interrogative particle + infinitive absolute; Translation: “Have You utterly rejected?”; Notes: Infinitive absolute intensifies the following verb.
- מָאַ֜סְתָּ (maʾasta) – Root: מאס; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You rejected”; Notes: Reinforced by preceding infinitive absolute.
- אֶת־יְהוּדָ֗ה (et-Yehudah) – Root: יהודה; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: The object of divine rejection.
- אִם־בְּצִיֹּון֙ (im-be-Tsiyyon) – Root: אם, ציון; Form: Conditional particle + preposition + proper noun; Translation: “or has Your soul loathed Tsiyyon?”; Notes: Parallel clause with implied repetition of main verb.
- גָּעֲלָ֣ה (gaʿalah) – Root: געל; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has loathed”; Notes: Feminine subject “Your soul.”
- נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ (nafshekha) – Root: נפש; Form: Noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your soul”; Notes: Subject of previous verb.
- מַדּ֨וּעַ֙ (madduaʿ) – Root: ידע (in interrogative); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why?”; Notes: Introduces a question.
- הִכִּיתָ֔נוּ (hikkitanu) – Root: נכה; Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “have You struck us”; Notes: Causative verb.
- וְאֵ֥ין (ve-ein) – Root: אין; Form: Conjunction + negative existential particle; Translation: “and there is no”; Notes: Introduces lack of result.
- לָ֖נוּ (lanu) – Root: ל + אנחנו; Form: Preposition + 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “for us”; Notes: Dative of possession or experience.
- מַרְפֵּ֑א (marpeʾ) – Root: רפא; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “healing”; Notes: Metaphor for restoration.
- קַוֵּ֤ה (qavveh) – Root: קוה; Form: Piel imperative masculine singular (or Qal); Translation: “we hoped” or “we waited”; Notes: Possibly Qal perfect 1st common plural in elliptical syntax.
- לְשָׁלֹום֙ (le-shalom) – Root: שלום; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for peace”; Notes: Purpose or object of hope.
- וְאֵ֣ין (ve-ein) – Root: אין; Form: Conjunction + negative existential particle; Translation: “but there is no”; Notes: Continues lament.
- טֹ֔וב (tov) – Root: טוב; Form: Noun/adjective masculine singular; Translation: “good”; Notes: Contrasted with expected outcome.
- וּלְעֵ֥ת (u-le-ʿet) – Root: עת; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and for a time of”; Notes: Temporal context.
- מַרְפֵּ֖א (marpeʾ) – Root: רפא; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “healing”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes desperate longing.
- וְהִנֵּ֥ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: נהה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “yet behold”; Notes: Marks shocking outcome.
- בְעָתָֽה (ve-ʿatah) – Root: בעת; Form: Noun feminine singular with directional or accusative force; Translation: “terror”; Notes: Refers to dread or panic rather than healing.