לְמַ֥עַן יַחְסְר֖וּ לֶ֣חֶם וָמָ֑יִם וְנָשַׁ֨מּוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ וְאָחִ֔יו וְנָמַ֖קּוּ בַּעֲוֹנָֽם׃ פ
So that they shall lack bread and water, and each man with his brother shall be appalled, and they shall waste away in their iniquity.”
Morphology
- לְמַעַן (le-maʿan) – Root: מען; Form: Preposition; Translation: “so that / in order that”; Notes: Introduces purpose clause explaining divine intent.
- יַחְסְרוּ (yaḥseru) – Root: חסר; Form: Qal imperfect 3mp; Translation: “they shall lack”; Notes: Refers to deprivation of food and water.
- לֶחֶם (leḥem) – Root: לחם; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “bread”; Notes: Basic sustenance.
- וָמָיִם (va-mayim) – Root: מים; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and water”; Notes: Paired with bread as essential provision.
- וְנָשַׁמּוּ (ve-nashammu) – Root: שׁמם; Form: Nifal perfect 3mp with vav consecutive (modal future); Translation: “and they shall be appalled/desolate”; Notes: Indicates shock, devastation.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject in parallel with “his brother.”
- וְאָחִיו (ve-aḥiv) – Root: אח; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “and his brother”; Notes: Stresses communal devastation.
- וְנָמַקּוּ (ve-namaku) – Root: נמק; Form: Nifal perfect 3mp with vav consecutive (modal future); Translation: “and they shall waste away”; Notes: Physical wasting from famine and guilt.
- בַּעֲוֹנָם (ba-ʿavonam) – Root: עון; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular + 3mp suffix; Translation: “in their iniquity”; Notes: Theological cause of their suffering.