הָרָחֹ֞וק בַּדֶּ֣בֶר יָמ֗וּת וְהַקָּרֹוב֙ בַּחֶ֣רֶב יִפֹּ֔ול וְהַנִּשְׁאָר֙ וְהַנָּצ֔וּר בָּרָעָ֖ב יָמ֑וּת וְכִלֵּיתִ֥י חֲמָתִ֖י בָּֽם׃
The one far off shall die by the pestilence, and the one near shall fall by the sword, and the one who remains and is besieged shall die by the famine, and I will bring my fury to an end upon them.
Morphology
- הָרָחֹוק (ha-raḥoq) – Root: רחוק (raḥoq); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the one far off”; Notes: Refers to those distant from the center of events.
- בַּדֶּבֶר (ba-dever) – Root: דבר (dever); Form: Preposition ב + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “by the pestilence”; Notes: One of YHWH’s covenant judgments.
- יָמוּת (yamot) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Standard verb of death in Hebrew.
- וְהַקָּרֹוב (ve-ha-qaroq) – Root: קרב (qarov); Form: Conjunction + definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “and the one near”; Notes: Contrasts with “the one far off.”
- בַּחֶרֶב (ba-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Preposition ב + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the sword”; Notes: Represents warfare and bloodshed.
- יִפֹּול (yipol) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall fall”; Notes: Idiomatically used for dying in battle.
- וְהַנִּשְׁאָר (ve-ha-nishʾar) – Root: שׁאר (shaʾar); Form: Conjunction + Niphal participle masculine singular definite; Translation: “and the one who remains”; Notes: Survivors within the city.
- וְהַנָּצוּר (ve-ha-natsur) – Root: נצר (natsar); Form: Conjunction + Niphal participle masculine singular definite; Translation: “and the one who is besieged”; Notes: Those trapped in siege conditions.
- בָּרָעָב (ba-raʿav) – Root: רעב (raʿav); Form: Preposition ב + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “by the famine”; Notes: Another instrument of divine judgment.
- יָמוּת (yamot) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes certainty of judgment.
- וְכִלֵּיתִי (ve-killeiti) – Root: כלה (kalah); Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “and I will bring to an end”; Notes: Piel expresses intensity of consuming wrath.
- חֲמָתִי (ḥamati) – Root: חמה (ḥemah); Form: Noun feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my fury”; Notes: Expresses divine anger or wrath.
- בָּם (bam) – Root: ב; Form: Preposition ב + third person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Indicates the object of YHWH’s wrath.