וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֑ה לֹ֤א אֶל־חִנָּם֙ דִּבַּ֔רְתִּי לַעֲשֹׂ֥ות לָהֶ֖ם הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת׃ פ
And they shall know that I am YHWH, I have not spoken in vain to do to them this evil.”’
Morphology
- וְיָדְעוּ (ve-yadʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they shall know”; Notes: Standard prophetic recognition formula.
- כִּי (ki) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of the recognition.
- אֲנִי (ʾani) – Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic subject pronoun.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hawah); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- לֹא (lo) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following statement.
- אֶל־חִנָּם (el-ḥinnam) – Root: חנם (ḥinnam); Form: Preposition אֶל + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in vain / for nothing”; Notes: Emphasizes that YHWH’s word is not empty.
- דִּבַּרְתִּי (dibarti) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have spoken”; Notes: Piel indicates intensity or solemnity of divine speech.
- לַעֲשֹׂות (laʿasot) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Preposition ל + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Expresses purpose of YHWH’s declaration.
- לָהֶם (lahem) – Root: ל; Form: Preposition ל + third person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- הָרָעָה (haraʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular definite; Translation: “the evil / the calamity”; Notes: Refers to the punishment decreed upon them.
- הַזֹּאת (hazzot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the evil just described.
- פ (pe) – Form: Masoretic section marker (petuchah); Translation: [untranslatable]; Notes: Indicates an open paragraph division in the Hebrew text.