וְזָכְר֨וּ פְלִֽיטֵיכֶ֜ם אֹותִ֗י בַּגֹּויִם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁבּוּ־שָׁם֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֜רְתִּי אֶת־לִבָּ֣ם הַזֹּונֶ֗ה אֲשֶׁר־סָר֙ מֵֽעָלַ֔י וְאֵת֙ עֵֽינֵיהֶ֔ם הַזֹּנֹ֕ות אַחֲרֵ֖י גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֑ם וְנָקֹ֨טּוּ֙ בִּפְנֵיהֶ֔ם אֶל־הָֽרָעֹות֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשׂ֔וּ לְכֹ֖ל תֹּועֲבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃
And those of you who escape shall remember me among the nations where they were taken captive, how I broke their whoring heart which turned away from me, and their eyes which go whoring after their idols. And they shall loathe themselves for the evils that they have done, for all their abominations.
Morphology
- וְזָכְרוּ (ve-zakheru) – Root: זכר (zakhar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they shall remember”; Notes: Survivors will recall YHWH even in exile.
- פְלִיטֵיכֶם (peliteikhem) – Root: פלט (palat); Form: Noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your survivors”; Notes: Refers to the remnant spared from the sword.
- אֹותִי (oti) – Root: את; Form: Direct object marker + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “me”; Notes: Direct object of the remembering — YHWH Himself.
- בַּגֹּויִם (ba-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition ב + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the nations”; Notes: Refers to foreign nations of exile.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative particle; Translation: “where / that”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- נִשְׁבּוּ (nishbu) – Root: שׁבה (shavah); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they were taken captive”; Notes: Passive voice emphasizes exile as external imposition.
- שָׁם (sham) – Root: particle; Form: Adverb of place; Translation: “there”; Notes: Locative adverb, situating the exile.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative particle; Translation: “how / that”; Notes: Introduces another subordinate clause.
- נִשְׁבַּרְתִּי (nishbarti) – Root: שׁבר (shavar); Form: Niphal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I broke”; Notes: Niphal here has a causative nuance — YHWH shattered their heart.
- אֶת (ʾet) – Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [untranslatable]; Notes: Introduces the object “their heart.”
- לִבָּם (libbam) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their heart”; Notes: The seat of will and devotion, here broken for idolatry.
- הַזֹּונֶה (ha-zonah) – Root: זנה (zanah); Form: Definite Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “the whoring”; Notes: Metaphor for spiritual adultery and idolatry.
- אֲשֶׁר־סָר (ʾasher-sar) – Root: סרר (sar); Form: Relative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “which turned away”; Notes: Heart is described as having departed from YHWH.
- מֵעָלַי (me-ʿalai) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “from me”; Notes: Indicates betrayal of covenantal loyalty.
- וְאֵת (ve-et) – Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: [untranslatable]; Notes: Links second object “their eyes.”
- עֵינֵיהֶם (ʿeinehem) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun feminine dual with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their eyes”; Notes: Symbol of desire, lustful pursuit of idols.
- הַזֹּנֹות (ha-zonot) – Root: זנה (zanah); Form: Definite Qal participle feminine plural; Translation: “which go whoring”; Notes: Personifies eyes as actively prostituting themselves after idols.
- אַחֲרֵי (aḥarei) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Denotes pursuit of idols.
- גִּלּוּלֵיהֶם (gilluleihem) – Root: גלל (galal); Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their idols”; Notes: Contemptuous term, suggesting worthlessness or dung-like idols.
- וְנָקֹטּוּ (ve-naqotu) – Root: קוט (qut); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “and they shall loathe themselves”; Notes: Expresses disgust with their own conduct.
- בִּפְנֵיהֶם (bifneihem) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition ב + construct noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in their faces / before them”; Notes: Reflexive sense, self-disgust.
- אֶל (ʾel) – Form: Preposition; Translation: “for / because of”; Notes: Marks the object of loathing — their deeds.
- הָרָעֹות (haraʿot) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun feminine plural definite; Translation: “the evils”; Notes: Specific reference to their wicked actions.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative particle; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- עָשׂוּ (ʿasu) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they have done”; Notes: Describes completed sinful actions.
- לְכֹל (le-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Preposition ל + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for all”; Notes: Indicates scope of abominations.
- תֹּועֲבֹתֵיהֶם (toʿavoteihem) – Root: תּועבה (toʿevah); Form: Noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their abominations”; Notes: Idolatrous and detestable practices condemned by YHWH.