בְּכֹל֙ מֹושְׁבֹ֣ותֵיכֶ֔ם הֶעָרִ֣ים תֶּחֱרַ֔בְנָה וְהַבָּמֹ֖ות תִּישָׁ֑מְנָה לְמַעַן֩ יֶחֶרְב֨וּ וְיֶאְשְׁמ֜וּ מִזְבְּחֹֽותֵיכֶ֗ם וְנִשְׁבְּר֤וּ וְנִשְׁבְּתוּ֙ גִּלּ֣וּלֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִגְדְּעוּ֙ חַמָּ֣נֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִמְח֖וּ מַעֲשֵׂיכֶֽם׃
In all your dwelling places the cities shall be laid waste, and the high places shall be desolate, so that your altars may be laid waste and made desolate, and your idols shall be broken and cease, and your incense-pillars shall be cut down, and your works shall be blotted out.
Morphology
- בְּכֹל (be-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Preposition ב + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in all”; Notes: Sets scope over every habitation.
- מֹושְׁבֹותֵיכֶם (moshevoteikhem) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your dwelling places”; Notes: Refers to inhabited settlements.
- הֶעָרִים (he-ʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the cities”; Notes: Main habitations, objects of destruction.
- תֶּחֱרַבְנָה (teḥeravna) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “shall be laid waste”; Notes: Refers to cities becoming desolate.
- וְהַבָּמֹות (ve-habamot) – Root: במה (bamah); Form: Conjunction + definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “and the high places”; Notes: Refers to illicit worship sites.
- תִּישָׁמְנָה (tishamnah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “shall be desolate”; Notes: Describes cult sites rendered useless.
- לְמַעַן (le-maʿan) – Root: particle; Form: Preposition; Translation: “so that”; Notes: Introduces purpose clause.
- יֶחֶרְבוּ (yekhervu) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they may be laid waste”; Notes: Refers to altars.
- וְיֶאְשְׁמוּ (ve-yeʾshmu) – Root: אשׁם (ʾasham); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “and they may be made desolate”; Notes: Emphasizes devastation and guilt association.
- מִזְבְּחֹותֵיכֶם (mizbeḥotekhem) – Root: זבח (zavaḥ); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your altars”; Notes: Places of sacrifice, profaned.
- וְנִשְׁבְּרוּ (ve-nishberu) – Root: שׁבר (shavar); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “and they shall be broken”; Notes: Refers to idols or cult objects destroyed.
- וְנִשְׁבְּתוּ (ve-nishbetu) – Root: שׁבת (shavat); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “and they shall cease”; Notes: Describes idols rendered inactive, lifeless.
- גִּלּוּלֵיכֶם (gilluleikhem) – Root: גלל (galal); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your idols”; Notes: Derogatory term for idols, contemptuous tone.
- וְנִגְדְּעוּ (ve-nigdeʿu) – Root: גדע (gadaʿ); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “and they shall be cut down”; Notes: Refers to cultic pillars destroyed.
- חַמָּנֵיכֶם (ḥammanekhem) – Root: חמן (ḥaman); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your incense-pillars”; Notes: Pagan sun-pillars condemned in prophetic texts.
- וְנִמְחוּ (ve-nimḥu) – Root: מחָה (maḥah); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “and they shall be blotted out”; Notes: Conveys erasure and obliteration.
- מַעֲשֵׂיכֶם (maʿaseikhem) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your works”; Notes: Refers to human efforts, especially idolatrous constructs.