לָכֵ֡ן הִנְנִי֩ נָטִ֨יתִי אֶת־יָדִ֜י עָלֶ֗יךָ וּנְתַתִּ֤יךָ־לָבַז לַגֹּויִ֔ם וְהִכְרַתִּ֨יךָ֙ מִן־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים וְהַאֲבַדְתִּ֖יךָ מִן־הָאֲרָצֹ֑ות אַשְׁמִ֣ידְךָ֔ וְיָדַעְתָּ֖ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ ס
Therefore, behold, I have stretched out my hand against you, and I will give you for plunder to the nations, and I will cut you off from the peoples, and I will destroy you from the lands; I will annihilate you, and you shall know that I am YHWH.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (laken) – Root: particle; Form: Adverb/conjunction; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces consequence.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: particle; Form: Interjection with 1st person singular pronoun; Translation: “behold, I”; Notes: Emphatic divine announcement formula.
- נָטִיתִי (natiti) – Root: נטה (natah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have stretched out”; Notes: Depicts decisive divine action.
- אֶת (ʾet) – Root: particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces “my hand.”
- יָדִי (yadi) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my hand”; Notes: Symbol of divine power and judgment.
- עָלֶיךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Marks the object of divine hostility.
- וּנְתַתִּיךָ (u-netattikha) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix + prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and I will give you”; Notes: Refers to being handed over for judgment.
- לָבַז (la-vaz) – Root: בזז (bazaz); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for plunder”; Notes: Indicates spoils for conquering nations.
- לַגֹּויִם (la-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with article; Translation: “to the nations”; Notes: Foreign peoples as agents of judgment.
- וְהִכְרַתִּיךָ (ve-hikratikha) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Hiphil perfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and I will cut you off”; Notes: A verb of extermination and removal.
- מִן־הָעַמִּים (min-ha-ʿammim) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with article; Translation: “from the peoples”; Notes: Refers to nations collectively.
- וְהַאֲבַדְתִּיךָ (ve-haʾavadtikha) – Root: אבד (ʾavad); Form: Hiphil perfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and I will destroy you”; Notes: Emphasizes complete eradication.
- מִן־הָאֲרָצֹות (min-ha-ʾaratsot) – Root: ארץ (ʾarets); Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural with article; Translation: “from the lands”; Notes: Geographical domains of habitation.
- אַשְׁמִידְךָ (ʾashmidkha) – Root: שׁמד (shamad); Form: Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with suffix 2nd masculine singular; Translation: “I will annihilate you”; Notes: Ultimate destruction term.
- וְיָדַעְתָּ (ve-yadaʿta) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and you shall know”; Notes: Recognition formula tied to divine judgment.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of recognition.
- אֲנִי (ani) – Root: pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Stresses YHWH’s identity.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: tetragrammaton; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.