Ezekiel 31:2

בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם אֱמֹ֛ר אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם וְאֶל־הֲמֹונֹ֑ו אֶל־מִ֖י דָּמִ֥יתָ בְגָדְלֶֽךָ׃

“Son of man, say to Parʿo king of Mitsrayim and to his multitude: ‘To whom are you like in your greatness?

Morphology

1. בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-ʾadam) – Root: בן (ben), אדם (ʾadam); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine singular; Translation: “Son of man”; Notes: A title addressing the prophet Yeḥezqel (Ezekiel), emphasizing his humanity in contrast to divine majesty.
2. אֱמֹר (ʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “say”; Notes: Direct divine command for the prophet to speak YHWH’s message.
3. אֶל־פַּרְעֹה (ʾel-Parʿo) – Root: —; Form: Preposition אֶל + proper noun; Translation: “to Parʿo”; Notes: Addressed to Pharaoh, the ruler of Mitsrayim (Egypt), symbolizing pride and worldly power.
4. מֶלֶךְ־מִצְרַיִם (melekh-Mitsrayim) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “king of Mitsrayim (Egypt)”; Notes: Title specifying Parʿo’s rule over Egypt, the empire subject to divine judgment.
5. וְאֶל־הֲמֹונֹו (ve-el-hamonō) – Root: המון (hamon); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition אֶל + noun masculine singular construct + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and to his multitude”; Notes: Refers to Egypt’s vast population, army, or allies sharing in its fate.
6. אֶל־מִי (ʾel-mi) – Root: —; Form: Preposition אֶל + interrogative pronoun; Translation: “to whom”; Notes: Introduces the rhetorical question inviting comparison of Parʿo’s greatness to others.
7. דָּמִיתָ (damita) – Root: דמה (damah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you are like” or “you likened yourself”; Notes: Denotes self-comparison or presumption of equality with the great powers or deities.
8. בְגָדְלֶךָ (be-gadlekha) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “in your greatness”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s pride and exaltation in status, wealth, or might; the focus of divine rebuke.