וְרָאָ֥ה אֶת־הַחֶ֖רֶב בָּאָ֣ה עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְתָקַ֥ע בַּשֹּׁופָ֖ר וְהִזְהִ֥יר אֶת־הָעָֽם׃
And he sees the sword coming upon the land, and he blows the shofar and warns the people.
Morphology
- וְרָאָה (ve-raʾah) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he sees”; Notes: Refers to the watchman observing the approaching danger, initiating his duty.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the object “the sword.”
- הַחֶרֶב (ha-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the sword”; Notes: Symbol of warfare and divine judgment approaching the land.
- בָּאָה (baʾah) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “coming”; Notes: Describes continuous or imminent motion toward the land.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition; Translation: “upon / against”; Notes: Indicates direction or target of the sword’s approach.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-arets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Represents the nation or territory under threat of judgment.
- וְתָקַע (ve-taqaʿ) – Root: תקע (taqaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he blows”; Notes: Refers to sounding the shofar as an alarm for warning or assembly.
- בַּשֹּׁופָר (ba-shofar) – Root: שׁופר (shofar); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the shofar / with the shofar”; Notes: The ram’s horn used in Israelite ritual and as a battle warning signal.
- וְהִזְהִיר (ve-hizhir) – Root: זהר (zahar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he warns”; Notes: Causative form meaning “to make someone beware” or “to caution.”
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the object “the people.”
- הָעָם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of the land, who must respond to the prophetic warning.