Ezekiel 37:1

הָיְתָ֣ה עָלַי֮ יַד־יְהוָה֒ וַיֹּוצִאֵ֤נִי בְר֨וּחַ֙ יְהוָ֔ה וַיְנִיחֵ֖נִי בְּתֹ֣וךְ הַבִּקְעָ֑ה וְהִ֖יא מְלֵאָ֥ה עֲצָמֹֽות׃

The hand of YHWH was upon me, and He brought me out by the Spirit of YHWH and set me down in the midst of the valley, and it was full of bones.

Morphology

1. הָיְתָה (hayetah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “was”; Notes: Introduces the narrative with a past state—describes the presence of YHWH’s power resting upon the prophet.
2. עָלַי (ʿalay) – Root: —; Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “upon me”; Notes: Denotes divine influence or inspiration directed personally to the prophet.
3. יַד־יְהוָה (yad-YHWH) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Construct noun feminine singular + proper name; Translation: “the hand of YHWH”; Notes: Symbol of divine power, guidance, and prophetic compulsion.
4. וַיֹּוצִאֵנִי (va-yotziʾeni) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Conjunction וַ + Hiphil wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular + suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “and He brought me out”; Notes: Causative form—YHWH actively brings the prophet into a visionary experience.
5. בְרוּחַ (be-ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the Spirit”; Notes: Indicates the means of prophetic transportation—divine empowerment or vision by the Spirit of YHWH.
6. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God; source of the prophet’s vision and authority.
7. וַיְנִיחֵנִי (va-yenicheni) – Root: נוח (nuach); Form: Conjunction וַ + Hiphil wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular + suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “and He set me down”; Notes: YHWH intentionally places the prophet in a specific location—divine control of movement.
8. בְּתֹוךְ (be-tokh) – Root: תוך (tokh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the midst of”; Notes: Spatial preposition indicating placement at the center of the valley.
9. הַבִּקְעָה (ha-biqʿah) – Root: בקע (baqaʿ); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the valley” or “the plain”; Notes: Refers to a low-lying area—scene of the vision of dry bones.
10. וְהִיא (ve-hiʾ) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + independent pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “and it”; Notes: Refers back to the valley, emphasizing its state.
11. מְלֵאָה (meleʾah) – Root: מלא (maleʾ); Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “was full”; Notes: Describes a condition of fullness—here, filled with bones, symbolizing death in abundance.
12. עֲצָמֹות (ʿatsamot) – Root: עצם (ʿetsem); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “bones”; Notes: Represents the lifeless remains of the people—an image of hopelessness and spiritual death awaiting divine restoration.