וְשֹׁ֣ובַבְתִּ֔יךָ וְנָתַתִּ֥י חַחִ֖ים בִּלְחָיֶ֑יךָ וְהֹוצֵאתִי֩ אֹותְךָ֨ וְאֶת־כָּל־חֵילֶ֜ךָ סוּסִ֣ים וּפָרָשִׁ֗ים לְבֻשֵׁ֤י מִכְלֹול֙ כֻּלָּ֔ם קָהָ֥ל רָב֙ צִנָּ֣ה וּמָגֵ֔ן תֹּפְשֵׂ֥י חֲרָבֹ֖ות כֻּלָּֽם׃
And I will turn you around and put hooks in your jaws, and I will bring you out, you and all your army, horses and horsemen, all of them clothed splendidly, a great multitude with shield and buckler, all of them grasping swords.
Morphology
- וְשֹׁובַבְתִּיךָ (ve-shovavtikha) – Root: שׁוב (shuv); Form: Conjunction וְ + Piel perfect 1st person singular + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and I will turn you around”; Notes: Piel conveys causative nuance — YHWH acts to redirect or control Gog’s movement for His purpose.
- וְנָתַתִּי (ve-natatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will put”; Notes: Expresses divine determination; often used in declarations of control or punishment.
- חַחִים (ḥaḥim) – Root: חח (ḥaḥ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “hooks”; Notes: Used metaphorically for instruments of restraint or control; evokes imagery of leading captured beasts or enemies.
- בִּלְחָיֶיךָ (bilḥayekha) – Root: לחי (laḥi); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural with suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “in your jaws”; Notes: Graphic image of domination, as one would control an animal with hooks in its jaws.
- וְהֹוצֵאתִי (ve-hotseti) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will bring out”; Notes: Hiphil expresses causation — YHWH will cause Gog’s movement or appearance.
- אֹותְךָ (otkha) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker אֵת + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Indicates Gog as the direct object of the verb “bring out.”
- וְאֶת־כָּל־חֵילֶךָ (ve-et kol ḥeilekha) – Root: חיל (ḥayil); Form: Conjunction וְ + direct object marker אֶת + noun masculine singular construct + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and all your army”; Notes: Expands Gog’s inclusion to his entire military force.
- סוּסִים (susim) – Root: סוס (sus); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “horses”; Notes: Represents ancient military power and mobility.
- וּפָרָשִׁים (u-farashim) – Root: פרשׁ (parash); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and horsemen”; Notes: Depicts trained cavalry, a key element of Gog’s formidable forces.
- לְבֻשֵׁי (levushei) – Root: לבשׁ (lavash); Form: Participle passive plural construct; Translation: “clothed (with)”; Notes: Describes those adorned or arrayed in specific attire, suggesting organized military readiness.
- מִכְלֹול (mikhlol) – Root: כלל (kalal); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “splendor” or “perfection”; Notes: Indicates full armor or splendid uniform, underscoring grandeur and might.
- כֻּלָּם (kullam) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “all of them”; Notes: Denotes totality or inclusiveness of the described army.
- קָהָל (qahal) – Root: קהל (qahal); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “assembly” or “multitude”; Notes: Suggests a vast gathering of forces, possibly implying an alliance of nations.
- רָב (rav) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Modifies “assembly,” describing its massive scale.
- צִנָּה (tsinnah) – Root: צנה (tsanah); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “shield”; Notes: Large body shield used in battle, symbolizing defense and preparedness.
- וּמָגֵן (u-magen) – Root: מגן (magen); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and buckler”; Notes: Smaller shield, complementing the “tsinnah”; reflects layered military defense.
- תֹּפְשֵׂי (tofsei) – Root: תפשׂ (tafes); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “grasping” or “holding”; Notes: Indicates active possession or readiness; participle used adjectivally.
- חֲרָבֹות (ḥaravot) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “swords”; Notes: Standard weapon of combat; symbolizes aggression and warfare capability.
- כֻּלָּם (kullam) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “all of them”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes the completeness and unity of Gog’s armed forces.