וְיַ֥יִן לֹֽא־יִשְׁתּ֖וּ כָּל־כֹּהֵ֑ן בְּבֹואָ֖ם אֶל־הֶחָצֵ֥ר הַפְּנִימִֽית׃
And wine they shall not drink, any priest, when they come into the inner court.
Morphology
- וְיַיִן (ve-yayin) – Root: יין (yayin); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and wine”; Notes: Refers to fermented drink; the conjunction links this prohibition to the previous priestly regulations.
- לֹא־ (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Expresses prohibition, governing the verb “they shall drink.”
- יִשְׁתּוּ (yishtu) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall drink”; Notes: Indicates a general or habitual action—drinking wine is forbidden when entering holy service.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “any” or “every”; Notes: Introduces an all-inclusive subject, referring to every individual priest.
- כֹּהֵן (kohen) – Root: כהן (kohen); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “priest”; Notes: Refers to temple officials serving before YHWH; singular used collectively here.
- בְּבֹואָם (be-voʾam) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Preposition בְּ + infinitive construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “when they come”; Notes: Temporal infinitive phrase marking the time of the prohibition—upon entering the sanctuary area.
- אֶל־ (ʾel) – Root: —; Form: Preposition; Translation: “into”; Notes: Marks direction toward a specific place.
- הֶחָצֵר (he-ḥatser) – Root: חצר (ḥatser); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the court”; Notes: Refers to the enclosed space of the temple complex.
- הַפְּנִימִית (ha-penimit) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Definite adjective feminine singular; Translation: “the inner”; Notes: Specifies the inner court, closest to the sanctuary where the priests ministered before YHWH.