לָכֵ֤ן חַכּוּ־לִי֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה לְיֹ֖ום קוּמִ֣י לְעַ֑ד כִּ֣י מִשְׁפָּטִי֩ לֶאֱסֹ֨ף גֹּויִ֜ם לְקָבְצִ֣י מַמְלָכֹ֗ות לִשְׁפֹּ֨ךְ עֲלֵיהֶ֤ם זַעְמִי֙ כֹּ֚ל חֲרֹ֣ון אַפִּ֔י כִּ֚י בְּאֵ֣שׁ קִנְאָתִ֔י תֵּאָכֵ֖ל כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
Therefore wait for Me,” declares YHWH, “for the day of My rising for prey; for My judgment is to gather nations, to assemble kingdoms, to pour upon them My indignation, all the heat of My anger, for in the fire of My zeal all the earth shall be consumed.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (laken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces the divine conclusion from preceding judgment.
- חַכּוּ־ (ḥakku) – Root: חכה (ḥakah); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “wait”; Notes: A command addressed to the people.
- לִי (li) – Root: ל (lamed); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 1cs; Translation: “for Me”; Notes: Waiting in submission to YHWH’s timing.
- נְאֻם־ (neʾum) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “declaration of”; Notes: A prophetic formula marking divine speech.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of Israel’s God.
- לְיֹום (le-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for the day”; Notes: Refers to the appointed time of judgment.
- קוּמִי (qumi) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal infinitive construct + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My rising”; Notes: YHWH’s decisive action.
- לְעַד (le-ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for prey”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of His rising—judgment.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces explanation.
- מִשְׁפָּטִי (mishpati) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My judgment”; Notes: YHWH’s judicial action over nations.
- לֶאֱסֹף (leʾesof) – Root: אסף (asaf); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to gather”; Notes: The first stage in divine judgment.
- גֹּויִם (goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “nations”; Notes: Gentile peoples subject to judgment.
- לְקָבְצִי (le-qavtsi) – Root: קבץ (qavats); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive construct + suffix 1cs; Translation: “to assemble”; Notes: A further gathering for judgment.
- מַמְלָכֹות (mamlekhot) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “kingdoms”; Notes: Political entities gathered for reckoning.
- לִשְׁפֹּךְ (lishpokh) – Root: שׁפך (shafakh); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to pour out”; Notes: Image of unleashing stored wrath.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿalehem) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 3mp; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Nations and kingdoms as the objects of wrath.
- זַעְמִי (zaʿmi) – Root: זעם (zaʿam); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My indignation”; Notes: Divine wrath.
- כֹּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Intensifies the totality of what follows.
- חֲרֹון (ḥaron) – Root: חרה (ḥarah); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “heat”; Notes: Figurative for fierce anger.
- אַפִּי (appi) – Root: אף (af); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My anger”; Notes: Anthropomorphic expression of divine wrath.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Gives the final justification.
- בְּאֵשׁ (be-ʾesh) – Root: אשׁ (ʾesh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in fire”; Notes: Fire symbolizing purifying judgment.
- קִנְאָתִי (qinʾati) – Root: קנא (qanaʾ); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My zeal”; Notes: Zeal reflects passionate covenant defense.
- תֵּאָכֵל (teʾakhel) – Root: אכל (akhal); Form: Nifal imperfect 3fs; Translation: “shall be consumed”; Notes: Passive judgment consuming the earth.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Emphasizes the scope of the destruction.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-arets) – Root: ארץ (erets); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Refers to the inhabited land subject to judgment.