Zechariah 2:10 (Zechariah 2:6)

הֹ֣וי הֹ֗וי וְנֻ֛סוּ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ צָפֹ֖ון נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֠י כְּאַרְבַּ֞ע רוּחֹ֧ות הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם פֵּרַ֥שְׂתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃

“Ho, ho, flee from the land of the north,” declares YHWH, “for like the four winds of the heavens I have spread you,” delcares YHWH.

Morphology

1. הֹוי (hoi) — Root: הוי (hoy); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Ho”; Notes: A call for urgent attention or warning.
2. הֹוי (hoi) — Root: הוי (hoy); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Ho”; Notes: Repetition intensifies urgency.
3. וְנֻסוּ (ve-nusu) — Root: נוס (nus); Form: Conjunction + Qal imperative 2mp; Translation: “and flee”; Notes: Commands the exiles to escape danger.
4. מֵאֶרֶץ (me-erets) — Root: ארץ (erets); Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular; Translation: “from the land of”; Notes: Introduces source/origin.
5. צָפֹון (tsafon) — Root: צפן (tsafan); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “the north”; Notes: Often symbolic for lands of exile.
6. נְאֻם (neʾum) — Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “utterance”; Notes: Formal prophetic proclamation formula.
7. יְהוָה (YHWH) — Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Speaker of the command.
8. כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces explanation.
9. כְּאַרְבַּע (ke-arbaʿ) — Root: ארבע (arbaʿ); Form: Preposition כְּ + numeral; Translation: “like four”; Notes: Sets comparison with the winds.
10. רוּחֹות (ruḥot) — Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “winds”; Notes: Symbolizing dispersal in every direction.
11. הַשָּׁמַיִם (ha-shamayim) — Root: שׁמים (shamayim); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the heavens”; Notes: Cosmic scope of the dispersal.
12. פֵּרַשְׂתִּי (perashti) — Root: פרשׂ (paraṣ); Form: Qal perfect 1cs; Translation: “I have spread”; Notes: YHWH describes dispersing the people.
13. אֶתְכֶם (etkhem) — Root: אתם (atem); Form: Object marker + suffix 2mp; Translation: “you”; Notes: Direct object of the dispersion.
14. נְאֻם (neʾum) — Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “utterance”; Notes: Reinforces that the statement is divine.
15. יְהוָה (YHWH) — Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Closes the oracle.