Zechariah 9:17

כִּ֥י מַה־טּוּבֹ֖ו וּמַה־יָפְיֹ֑ו דָּגָן֙ בַּֽחוּרִ֔ים וְתִירֹ֖ושׁ יְנֹובֵ֥ב בְּתֻלֹֽות׃

For how great is his goodness, and how great is his beauty: grain makes young men flourish, and new wine makes young women thrive.

Morphology

1. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces an explanatory or emphatic statement.
2. מַה־ (mah) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “how”; Notes: Used here exclamatorily to express magnitude.
3. טּוּבֹו (tuvo) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his goodness”; Notes: Refers to beneficent abundance bestowed by YHWH.
4. וּמַה־ (u-mah) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Conjunction וְ + interrogative particle; Translation: “and how”; Notes: Parallel exclamatory structure intensifying the description.
5. יָפְיֹו (yofyo) – Root: יפה (yafeh); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his beauty”; Notes: Aesthetic splendor accompanying divine goodness.
6. דָּגָן (dagan) – Root: דגן (dagan); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “grain”; Notes: Symbol of sustenance and agricultural blessing.
7. בַּחוּרִים (ba-ḥurim) – Root: בחר (baḥar); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “young men”; Notes: Represents youthful strength and vitality.
8. וְתִירֹושׁ (ve-tirosh) – Root: ירשׁ (tirosh); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and new wine”; Notes: Agricultural blessing associated with joy and abundance.
9. יְנֹובֵב (yenovev) – Root: נוב (nuv); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will make flourish”; Notes: Expresses causative growth and vitality.
10. בְּתֻלוֹת (be-tulot) – Root: בתל (betulah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “young women”; Notes: Parallel to “young men,” completing the image of communal vitality.