וְסָפְדָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ מִשְׁפָּחֹ֥ות מִשְׁפָּחֹ֖ות לְבָ֑ד מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת בֵּית־דָּוִ֤יד לְבָד֙ וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֣ם לְבָ֔ד מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת בֵּית־נָתָן֙ לְבָ֔ד וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם לְבָֽד׃
And the land shall lament families by families apart the family of the house of Dawid apart and their women apart the family of the house of Natan apart and their women apart.
Morphology
- וְסָפְדָה (ve-safedah) – Root: ספד (safad); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and she lamented / and she shall lament”; Notes: Feminine verb agreeing with “the land,” expressing collective mourning.
- הָאָ֔רֶץ (ha-ʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾarets); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Personified as participating in the mourning.
- מִשְׁפָּחֹות (mishpaḥot) – Root: משׁפחה (mishpaḥah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “families”; Notes: Introduces the units of communal lament.
- מִשְׁפָּחֹות (mishpaḥot) – Root: משׁפחה (mishpaḥah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “families”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes distribution of mourning by each clan.
- לְבָד (le-vad) – Root: בדד (badad); Form: Preposition לְ + adverb; Translation: “apart”; Notes: Highlights separation and personal intensity of grief.
- מִשְׁפַּחַת (mishpaḥat) – Root: משׁפחה (mishpaḥah); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the family of”; Notes: Introduces a specific lineage.
- בֵּית־דָּוִיד (beit-Dawid) – Root: בית / דוד (bayit / Dawid); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “the house of Dawid”; Notes: The royal Davidic dynasty.
- לְבָד (le-vad) – Root: בדד (badad); Form: Preposition לְ + adverb; Translation: “apart”; Notes: Reiterates isolated mourning.
- וּנְשֵׁיהֶם (u-neshehem) – Root: אשׁה (ʾishah); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their women”; Notes: Indicates separate mourning by women.
- לְבָד (le-vad) – Root: בדד (badad); Form: Preposition לְ + adverb; Translation: “apart”; Notes: Emphasizes gendered separation in lament.
- מִשְׁפַּחַת (mishpaḥat) – Root: משׁפחה (mishpaḥah); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the family of”; Notes: Introduces another Davidic branch.
- בֵּית־נָתָן (beit-Natan) – Root: בית / נתן (bayit / Natan); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “the house of Natan”; Notes: A line within the royal family.
- לְבָד (le-vad) – Root: בדד (badad); Form: Preposition לְ + adverb; Translation: “apart”; Notes: Maintains the pattern of separation.
- וּנְשֵׁיהֶם (u-neshehem) – Root: אשׁה (ʾishah); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their women”; Notes: Concludes with distinct mourning by women.
- לְבָד (le-vad) – Root: בדד (badad); Form: Preposition לְ + adverb; Translation: “apart”; Notes: Final emphasis on individualized lamentation.