זֹ֥את תִּהְיֶ֖ה חַטַּ֣את מִצְרָ֑יִם וְחַטַּאת֙ כָּל־הַגֹּויִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א יַֽעֲל֔וּ לָחֹ֖ג אֶת־חַ֥ג הַסֻּכֹּֽות׃
This shall be the sin of Mitsrayim, and the sin of all the nations who do not go up to celebrate the Feast of Sukkot.
Morphology
- זֹאת (zot) – Root: זאת (zot); Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Points to the immediately preceding judgment just described.
- תִּהְיֶה (tihyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Agrees with the feminine noun “sin.”
- חַטַּאת (ḥattaʾt) – Root: חטא (ḥataʾ); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “sin”; Notes: Denotes guilt or offense incurring punishment.
- מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun masculine dual form used as singular; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Represents Egypt as a paradigmatic nation.
- וְחַטַּאת (ve-ḥattaʾt) – Root: חטא (ḥataʾ); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “and the sin”; Notes: Extends the judgment beyond Mitsrayim.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Emphasizes total inclusion.
- הַגֹּויִם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers to the non-Israelite peoples.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a defining relative clause.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “do not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יַעֲלוּ (yaʿalu) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “go up”; Notes: Standard pilgrimage verb with cultic force.
- לָחֹג (la-ḥog) – Root: חגג (ḥagag); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to celebrate”; Notes: Expresses purpose of ascent.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker אֶת; Translation: [untranslated]; Notes: Marks the definite object.
- חַג (ḥag) – Root: חג (ḥag); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “the feast”; Notes: A pilgrimage festival.
- הַסֻּכֹּות (ha-sukkot) – Root: סכך (sakhakh); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “of Sukkot”; Notes: The Feast of Booths marking covenantal obedience.